Mastitis na awaki cuta ce mai tsanani kuma mai haɗari wacce ke buƙatar ingantaccen ganewar asali da magani cikin gaggawa. Wadannan dabbobin ba su da fa’ida, amma wannan Pathology, in babu magani, yana haifar da matsalolin lafiya daban-daban. A cikin lokuta mafi tsanani, mutuwa tana faruwa.
Mastitis a cikin awaki: menene?
Mastitis wani tsari ne mai tsanani mai kumburi a cikin glandar mammary na akuya (nono), tare da alamu masu raɗaɗi da haɗari ga rayuwar dabba.
Mastitis yana faruwa 24 hours ko 30-45 kwanaki bayan rago a cikin primiparous awaki. Cutar tana shafar lobe ɗaya na nono (siffa ɗaya) ko lobes biyu (bilateral). Sakamakon tasirin nau’in kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta, edema yana tasowa a cikin kyallen takarda na nono, kuma yanayin jini yana damuwa.
Tare da mastitis, goat yana canza ba kawai daidaito ba, har ma da dandano madara. Samfurin ya zama mai tsami sosai, mai ɗaci da bayyananne.
Cutar tana faruwa a cikin m ko na yau da kullun. A cikin akwati na ƙarshe, alamun mastitis ba koyaushe suna bayyana ba. A cikin sifa mai tsanani, nono yayi kama da nauyi kuma yana kumbura sosai, nonuwa ko lobe ɗin da abin ya shafa sun fara duhu.
Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar
A cikin akuya, kumburin ƙwayar mammary na iya faruwa saboda riƙewar madara. Wannan yana faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban, wanda dole ne a kafa kuma kawai bayan haka ci gaba da tsarin jiyya.
Rashin daidaiton abinci mai gina jiki
Mafi haɗari kuma mai tsanani cin zarafi shine overfeeding awaki tare da maida hankali. Wannan jita-jita ce, don haka matakan microbiological a cikin rumen dole ne su ci gaba da sauri a mafi kyawun gudu.
A wannan yanayin, abubuwan da aka tattara sun faɗi a kan zuriyar dabbobi, wanda ya ƙunshi roughage. Idan akwai cin zarafi na cicatricial narkewa, babu raguwa na ganuwar proventriculus. Matsayin danshi a cikin abincin da ke shiga cikin rumen yana da mahimmanci.
Idan wurin kiwo yana da ciyawa mai ɗanɗano, dole ne a fara ciyar da akuya da bambaro ko hay. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaita tsarin narkewa kuma a lokaci guda yana hana guba ta tsire-tsire masu guba masu haɗari, wanda dabba mai jin yunwa za ta iya cinye shi da yawa.
Mafi kyawun nau’in abinci don awaki shine hay.
Ba daidai ba yanayin tsarewa
Don goat, wajibi ne don samar da yanayi mafi kyau. Idan dabba kullum yana kwance a kan ƙasa mai sanyi da damshi, ƙazantaccen kwanciya, daftarin aiki ko bene na kankare, matsanancin hypothermia yana faruwa. A sakamakon haka, kariya na rigakafi na jiki ya raunana kuma tsarin kumburi ya fara.
Kamuwa da cuta
Cutar na da saurin yaduwa kuma ana iya kamuwa da ita ta hanyar ciyar da ‘ya’ya marasa tsafta ko kuma gadon da aka gurbata da kwayoyin cuta.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kamuwa da cutar:
- ta wurin kwanciya mai datti;
- bude raunuka ko yanke;
- ta hannun dattin mai shayarwa;
- a sakamakon yanayin zafi mai zafi – don cututtuka, yanayin zafi mai zafi shine mafi kyawun yanayi don kunnawa.
Dindindin cututtuka da beriberi sharply rage rigakafi da awaki.
Ketare bukatun zoohygienic don nono
Rashin madarar nono da tsarin tsafta, wanda ya haɗa da waɗannan, na iya haifar da kumburin nono akuya:
- yin amfani da tawul mai datti;
- rashin ingancin ruwa;
- madara ta hanyar “tsuntsu”;
- rashin kula da tausa na farko da na ƙarshe.
Tare da sau da yawa canji na milker da m handling, kumburi faruwa. Idan kun kiyaye marasa lafiya da dabbobi masu lafiya tare, haɗarin kamuwa da cuta tare da mastitis a cikin awakin kiwo yana ƙaruwa.
Yin amfani da yawa shine babban dalilin da ake yin lodin rubutun nono. Kafin lactation na gaba, an dawo da shi. Abin da ya sa ya zama dole a kaddamar da kimanin kwanaki 70-80 kafin haihuwar da ake sa ran.
Tsafta da tsaftar maigidan na iya hana farawar mastitis.
Hanyoyin kumburi a cikin gabobin ciki
Daban-daban rikice-rikice na bayan haihuwa suna tare da tsarin kumburi (misali, endometritis, vaginitis, jinkiri bayan rago). A sakamakon haka, yaduwar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na yanayi zuwa nono yana farawa ta hanyar ducts. Yana kamuwa da cutar.
Lalacewar nono
Daban-daban na inji lalacewa ga nono zai iya haifar da ci gaban mastitis. Yanke ko raunuka na gland yana faruwa tare da matakai masu kumburi. A lokacin fada tsakanin dangi, nono zai iya ji rauni, wanda zai haifar da abin da ya faru na mastitis.
Wasu dalilai
Sauran abubuwan haɗari ga mastitis sun haɗa da:
- fatar jiki na konewa sakamakon tsawan lokaci ga rana;
- mai tsanani hypothermia;
- sanyi daban-daban;
- raunin nono saboda dabarar madara mara kyau;
- rashin abubuwa masu amfani a jikin dabba;
- rashin bin ka’idodin tsafta (najasa mara tsabta, ƙazantaccen kwanciya, da sauransu);
- cututtuka masu tsanani waɗanda ba a taɓa ganin su ba.
Alamu don gano kai na kumburin nono
Mastitis na ɗaya daga cikin cututtuka masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar magani na gaggawa. Yana da mahimmanci a san manyan alamun bayyanar da ke bayyana a cikin matakan farko da na baya. Kowane nau’i na musamman na mastitis na iya kasancewa tare da alamun halayen.
Alamun gama gari na kowane nau’i
Akwai alamun gama gari waɗanda ke bayyana tare da nau’ikan mastitis daban-daban:
- yana ƙaruwa sosai, sannan ɗayan ɓangarorin nono ya zama ja;
- a lokacin bincike, hardening na gland ya zama sananne, wanda ya ƙone, babu filastik, an kafa hatimi, da sauri girma a girma;
- najasa jini a cikin madarar dabba marar lafiya;
- yawan adadin madara yana raguwa sosai;
- ingancin madara ya lalace – ƙumburi na mucosa suna sananne a ciki, samfurin kanta ya zama mai haske ko girgije;
- idan kun tafasa madara, zai yi sauri ya zama mai tsami, yayin daidaitawa, hazo ya bayyana a cikin nau’i na jini ko flakes.
A farkon ci gaban mastitis, yanayin gaba ɗaya da jin daɗin dabba yana raguwa sosai. Akuyar ta gaji da zazzabi. Lokacin taɓa nono, dabba yana jin zafi mai tsanani.
subclinical
Mafi na kowa da kuma haɗari nau’i, wanda kuma za a iya kira boye. Kusan 70-80% na lokuta na cututtuka suna faruwa a cikin wannan nau’in. Sau da yawa, masu gonakin gona ba su ma san kamuwa da cutar da dabba ba, tun da ba a bayyana hoton asibiti tare da mastitis na latent ba, amma cutar ba ta tafi ba tare da sakamako ba.
Yawan aiki yana raguwa sosai, madarar da aka tattara tana juyawa da sauri sosai kuma ɗanɗanon ta yana raguwa sosai.
Don tabbatar da ganewar asali, ana gudanar da bincike na kwayoyin halitta na musamman na madara. Tare da taimakon tsaba na kwayan cuta, an ƙayyade kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin madara da wani nau’i na musamman. An kafa hankali na ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa takamaiman maganin rigakafi kuma an zaɓi daidai da magani na mutum.
Ko da an lura da duk ma’auni na ajiya, madara yana yin tsami kamar kwana ɗaya bayan madara.
Kaifi
Mafi haɗari iri-iri, wanda ke kawo matsala mai yawa ga dabba da mai shi. Babban alamun bayyanar mastitis shine yawan zafin jiki na gaba ɗaya. Milk yana bayyana ichor, lumps da flakes. Siffar sifa ita ce akuyar tana ƙoƙarin ci gaba da yada kafafunta kamar yadda zai yiwu.
A causative jamiái na m mastitis ne anaerobic bacillus, pasteurella, streptococci ko pathogenic staphylococcus, wanda tasowa game da wata daya bayan rago a cikin nono na akuya.
Tare da wannan nau’i na cutar, dabba yana nuna alamun masu zuwa:
- nono ya zama da wuya sosai kuma yana ƙaruwa sosai;
- Lymph nodes suna hypertrophed;
- Yawan nono yana raguwa sosai (a cikin mafi tsanani lokuta yana tsayawa gaba daya);
- lura da hyperthermia na gida da na gaba ɗaya;
- maimakon madara, wani ruwa mai ruwa na launin ja ya fara fitowa;
- launin gland yana canzawa, ya zama shunayya, kuma bayan lokaci wani tint mai launin shuɗi ya bayyana.
Idan babu ingantaccen magani na mastitis, dabbar ta fara haɓaka gangrene nono. Sakamakon shine kumburin septic da mutuwar akuya.
Na kullum
Wannan nau’i shine sakamakon mastitis mai tsanani wanda ba a kula da shi ba ko rashin jin daɗi na subclinical. Alamun iri ɗaya suna bayyana kamar tare da tsarin latent.
Nau’o’i
Akwai wasu nau’ikan mastitis:
- purulent. Hanyar cutar a cikin nau’i mai mahimmanci, purulent secretions an kafa a cikin nono, kumburi yana bayyana akan fata na nono.
- Serous Kumburi na kyallen takarda mai laushi, wanda ke faruwa a sakamakon tarin ruwan kwayan cuta tsakanin alveoli.
- Basir. Cin zarafi na samar da jini a cikin nono da kuma samar da adadi mai yawa na bruises a nan gaba.
- Catarrhal. A rana ta farko bayan rago, irin wannan mastitis yana bayyana. Alamun halayen suna da zafi da tsananin ja da kumburin kyallen nono.
Menene mastitis na ƙarya kuma yadda za a magance shi?
Edema na nono, wanda kuma ake kira nono, yawanci ana kuskuren mastitis. Mastitis na hasashe ko na ƙarya yana bayyana ta wani ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na mammary gland. Ruwan madara yana da cikas sosai. Duk da haka, babu zubar jini ko ruwa a cikin madara.
Lokacin da waɗannan alamun suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar kula da laka na madara mai tsami. Idan babu ɓoyayyen ɓoye ko ƙazanta (flakes, da dai sauransu) – wannan mastitis ne na tunanin.
Wannan nau’i na cutar ba ya tare da kumburi da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Hanyoyin magani
Don magani, ana amfani da magungunan zamani da girke-girke na maganin gargajiya da aka gwada lokaci. Zaɓin takamaiman magani kai tsaye ya dogara da tsanani da nau’in cutar.
likitan dabbobi na hukuma
Maganin mastitis a cikin awaki yana dogara ne akan amfani da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta don murkushe kwayoyin cuta. Ana gudanar da ma’anar ta cikin jini (a cikin lobe mai kumburi na glandan mammary) da kuma ta cikin jini.
Tsarin jiyya ya haɗa da haɗuwa da homeopathy da ingantaccen maganin rigakafi na sababbin ƙarni. Sakamakon shine cikakkiyar farfadowa na dabba.
Ana gudanar da maganin rigakafi a cikin tsoka. A lokacin jiyya, likitan dabbobi ya rubuta magunguna masu zuwa:
- Doreen. 300 MG (kwalba 1) an diluted a cikin ruwa don allura (daidai bisa ga umarnin da shawarwarin likita). Sau ɗaya a rana, ana yin allura.
- Cefazolin. A cikin 5 ml na novocaine, 1 g an diluted. Ana gudanar da miyagun ƙwayoyi sau biyu a rana.
- Cobactan. 3 ml (1 ampoule) kashi daya. Ana shiga sau ɗaya a rana.
- Penicillin. Raka’a dubu 50 hade da 0.5 g na Streptomycin. Sakamakon abun da ke ciki yana diluted a cikin novocaine (bisa ga umarnin). Ana gudanar da wakili sau biyu a rana.
- Zare-tare da 200. Don kilogiram 10 na nauyin dabba, ana ɗaukar 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi. Ana gudanar da wakili sau ɗaya kowane kwanaki 2-3.
Ana gabatar da ma’aikatan musanya ne kawai bayan an gama madara sosai. Kafin amfani, dole ne a dumi kwalban a cikin tafin hannunka (samfurin dole ne ya kasance a zafin jiki).
Ana kuma wajabta maganin adjuvant:
- Cobactan. Wannan magani ne na duniya wanda ake amfani dashi don magance kowane nau’i na mastitis. An yi amfani da sau 3-5. Tsakanin kowace gabatarwa akwai hutun yau da kullun.
- Mammafort ko Kloksamast. Ya dace da maganin latent nau’in cutar. An shiga sau ɗaya kawai.
Hanyoyin physiotherapeutic
Ana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin a kan ƙananan gonaki, saboda suna da tsada. A yau, physiotherapy don mastitis a cikin awaki yana cikin jiyya na gwaji. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kiwo akuya ba ta da yawa a yankin Tarayyar Rasha kamar yadda ake yi a wasu ƙasashe.
Bayan tabbatar da ganewar asali, likitan dabbobi ya rubuta waɗannan hanyoyin:
- tausa nono;
- nannade da yumbu;
- bayyanar da fitilar infrared a saman nono.
A lokacin tausa, ya zama dole a shafa daban-daban maganin shafawa a cikin fata. Wadannan sun hada da antibacterial, ichthyol ko Vishnevsky maganin shafawa.
Tare da nau’in fibrous da gangrenous, tausa yana contraindicated.
Maganin jama’a
Tare da wannan cuta, samuwar hatimi mai siffar ball yana farawa a cikin nono, wanda manomi zai iya kawar da kansa tare da taimakon tausa. Lokacin da formations ba su rage a cikin size da kuma fara tafasa, yana da daraja yin amfani da ichthyol maganin shafawa, kamar yadda da sauri zana mugunya daga raunuka.
Don maganin ƙwayar nono mai kumburi, yana da amfani don amfani da sauƙi don shirya decoctions da infusions. Abubuwan da ke biyowa sun nuna mafi girman inganci:
- Mix furanni calendula tare da jelly mai a cikin rabo na 1: 5. Ana shafawa wuraren da suka ƙone da…
