Tsarin microclimate na gine-ginen dabbobi shine yanayin yanayin muhalli, wanda aka samo asali ne sakamakon mahimman ayyukan dabbobi a cikin yanayin wata fasaha. Ana ƙididdige microclimate ta yanayin zafi da zafi na iska, saurin motsin iska yana gudana a cikin ɗakin, ƙaddamar da iskar gas mai cutarwa, haske, abun cikin ƙura na iska da gurɓata shi da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Duk waɗannan abubuwan suna da wani tasiri akan yawan amfanin aladu, amma zuwa mafi girma, yawan aiki ya dogara da zafin jiki, zafi da saurin motsi na iska mai kewaye. Alade suna da matukar damuwa ga canje-canje a yanayin zafi. Dukansu ƙananan yanayin zafi da zafi ba daidai ba ne a gare su. Rage yawan zafin jiki na cikin gida da ke ƙasa da mafi kyawun matakin yana haifar da haɓaka metabolism, ƙara yawan canja wurin zafi da rage yawan aiki. Yawan zafin jiki mai girma yana da tasiri mai ban tsoro a kan dabbobi: sun rasa ci, an hana samar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace masu narkewa, narkewa da amfani da kayan abinci na abinci sun lalace, wanda ke haifar da raguwar yawan aiki.
Alade jarirai suna da damuwa musamman ga canje-canje a yanayin zafi. Har yanzu suna da ingantacciyar hanyar haɓaka ta thermoregulation, wanda ke taimakawa daidaita yanayin yanayin yanayi. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don shayar da aladu a cikin kwanakin farko bayan haihuwa shine + 30-35 ° C, a ƙarshen lokacin shayarwa – + 24 ° C. Irin wannan yanayin noma a yanayin zafi na 65-70% yana ba da gudummawa ga babban ƙarfin girma da amincin dabbobin matasa.
Girma piglets a ƙananan zafin jiki (12-16 ° C) yana rinjayar lafiyar su, girma da ci gaba. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da lactating sarauniya tare da piglets a cikin hunturu a cikin nau’i na haske kawai bayan an rufe su a hankali tare da bambaro bambaro, reed mats, jakunkuna na bambaro.
Piglets daga watanni 2 zuwa 4 suna girma mafi kyau a zazzabi na 24-26 ° C a zafi na 70-75%. Rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin aladu na kowane digiri, farawa daga 14 ° C, yana rage matsakaicin riba yau da kullun a cikin nauyin rayuwa da 2%, kuma karuwar zafin jiki zuwa 27-30 ° C yana haifar da raguwar riba ta hanyar. 20-30%.
A ƙananan yanayin zafi, cin abinci a kowace kilogiram 1 na girma a cikin kitse yana ƙaruwa da 0,5-0,6 ciyar. raka’a
Don shuka, mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine 16 ° C, tare da canzawa daga 13 ° C zuwa 20 ° C. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na iska (28 ° C da sama), musamman ma kafin mating da kuma farkon lokacin gestation, yana haifar da raguwar haihuwa da ciki da yawa na sarauniya, karuwa a cikin kajin da mace-macen amfrayo, adadin wadanda ba a haifa ba da kuma rashin haɓaka piglets. Canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin rana a lokacin rana yana da mummunar tasiri akan aladu, musamman a hade tare da zafi mai zafi, wanda yawanci yakan faru a cikin alade maras kyau.
Don tabbatar da mafi kyawun yanayi don kiyaye aladu, matakin zafi na iska yana da mahimmanci. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na iska mai danshi ya ninka na busasshiyar iska sau 10. A cikin ɗakin da ke da zafi mai zafi a ƙananan zafin jiki, canja wurin zafi a cikin alade yana ƙaruwa. A yanayin zafi mai zafi, saboda gaskiyar cewa tururin ruwa yana da zafi mara kyau, canja wurin zafi da ƙazanta yana raunana, zafi mai yawa yana samuwa a cikin jiki kuma zafi yana faruwa.
Danshi a cikin dakin yana ƙaruwa sosai lokacin da aka sami matsala na samar da ruwa, ciyar da aladu tare da abinci mai ruwa, cire taki tare da ruwa, da kuma rashin samun iska. Dampness da babban zafi a cikin alade suna haifar da yanayi mai kyau don ci gaban cututtukan cututtuka na cututtuka daban-daban, haifar da sanyi da cututtuka na gastrointestinal, rage juriya da yawan aiki na aladu. Mafi kyawun zafi na iska don shuka shine 65-70%, ga matasa dabbobi don girma da kitso – 70-75%.
Babban tasiri a jikin aladu a hade tare da zafin jiki da zafi yana haifar da saurin motsin iska. Motsawar iska yana haɓaka tsarin canja wuri mai zafi kuma yana kare dabbobi daga zafi mai zafi, amma a ƙananan zafin jiki zai iya haifar da hypothermia.
Ƙarfin motsi na rafukan iska na iska yana ƙayyade matakin musayar iska a cikin ɗakin. Tare da haɓakar musayar iska, ƙarancin dangi na iska yana raguwa, tare da ƙananan, dampness yana bayyana a cikin wuraren.
Ana samun musayar iskar da ake buƙata ta hanyar iska ta yanayi da tilastawa na wurin. Gudun motsin iska a lokacin rani a cikin ɗakuna don shuka tare da alade ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kewayon 0,3-0,4 m / s, don piglets daga watanni 2 zuwa 4 – 0,6 m / s, don kitso matasa dabbobi. – har zuwa 1 m / s tare da; a cikin lokacin sanyi, bi da bi – 0,15 da 0,2 m / s. A cikin wuraren aladu a cikin gonaki na sirri, an shigar da bututun shaye-shaye don cire gurɓataccen iska don haka iskar iskar ta kasance a tsayin 15-20 cm daga bene, kuma iskar iskar tana fitowa daga sama.
Tare da yawan dabbobi masu yawa, rashin isassun iskar musayar iska, tsaftacewar taki a cikin dakunan alade, ana ganin ƙara yawan ammonia, carbon dioxide da hydrogen sulfide. Tare da babban taro na ammonia a cikin iska, spasm na glottis yana faruwa a cikin aladu, sassan na numfashi suna shafar: rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, kumburi, edema na huhu yana faruwa, kuma mutuwa daga cututtuka na numfashi na iya faruwa. Halin da aka halatta na ammonia don alade har zuwa watanni 4 shine 15 mg / m3, don kitso matasa da kuma manya – 20 mg / m3.
Matsakaicin carbon dioxide a cikin iska don duk jima’i da kungiyoyin aladu kada su wuce 0,2%. Ƙara yawan abubuwan da ke cikin iska zuwa 1% ko fiye yana haifar da karuwa a cikin bugun zuciya da numfashi, raguwar juriya da yawan amfanin dabbobi.
Hydrogen sulfide shine iskar gas mai guba sosai. Yawansa fiye da 10 mg / m3 yana haifar da guba na jiki: a cikin aladu, arrhythmia na zuciya, catarrh na numfashi na numfashi, edema na huhu, gastroenteritis ya bayyana, kuma nauyi yana raguwa.
Zai yiwu a kawar da tasirin mai guba na iskar gas mai cutarwa akan aladu ta hanyar watsar da wuraren da samar da iskar da ake buƙata ta amfani da windows bude a gefe ɗaya na alade. A zahiri babu farashi don samun iska, kuma iskar iskar tana ƙaruwa sosai.
Yanayin muhalli (zazzabi, zafi, saurin iska), wanda dabbobi ke nuna mafi girman yawan aiki, ana kiran su dadi. Ana la’akari da zafin jiki mai dadi idan samar da zafi a cikin dabbobi ya kasance a mafi ƙarancin matakin kuma aladu ba sa jin sanyi, watau ƙarancin abinci da makamashi yana kashewa akan samuwar zafi, yawancin yana zuwa ga samar da samfurori kuma mafi yawan tattalin arziki. ana kashewa a jiki.
Dangantakar iska mai zafi a cikin kewayon 60-75%, wanda ba shi da tasiri mai cutarwa a jikin aladu, kuma ya dace da bukatun ta’aziyya.
Motsin yawan iska a gudun 0,3-0,6 m/s a yanayin zafin iska na 20 °C yana da mafi kyawun tasiri akan kwayoyin halittar dabbobi.
Wadanne dabaru masu sauƙi za ku iya ba da shawara ga manomi alade mai sha’awa don kula da jin dadi ko kusa da yanayi mai dadi a cikin dabbobi?
Da fari dai, da rufi na benaye, ganuwar da rufi a cikin hunturu, da kawar da zayyana, da yin amfani da busassun kwanciya kwanciya, da dace kau da taki, da ciyar da bushe ko dan kadan moistened abinci, da kayan aiki na shaye samun iska ducts.
Abu na biyu, don rage zafi, benaye da sassa a cikin dakin ya kamata a yayyafa shi tare da cakuda sauri (fluff) tare da sawdust a cikin rabo na 1: 3 tare da Layer na har zuwa 1 cm. Lemun tsami yana ɗaure danshi a cikin iska da kyau kuma yana taimakawa kula da yanayin jin daɗi a cikin ɗakin. Bayan an maye gurbin gurɓataccen lemun tsami.
Na uku, tsaftace dakin bayan dasawa da busassun bene da shimfidar kwanciya, shafa ƙura da tsumma, share da tsintsiya ko amfani da injin tsabtace wurin don wannan, a kai a kai gudanar da aikin tsabtace injina da kuma lalata wuraren. Don kawar da iska, yi amfani da fitulun ƙwayoyin cuta ko ionizers, waɗanda za’a iya saya a shagunan kayan aiki.
Nan da nan suka amsa damuwar mai kiwon alade a cikin samar da yanayi mai dadi na muhalli ga dabbobi tare da karuwa a yawan aiki: karuwa a cikin yawan ciki, aminci da tsananin girma na alade, da kuma amfani da abinci mafi kyau.
Kula da microclimate a cikin yanayin da aka ba shi yana ƙara tsawon rayuwar wuraren kuma yana ƙara yawan yawan aladu da 10%.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
