Cututtuka masu yaduwa na aladu suna haifar da haɗari na musamman ga gonar. Suna yaduwa cikin saurin walƙiya, ta yadda a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ƙwayoyin cuta za su iya rufe wani yanki mai yawa na dabbobi. A wannan yanayin, manomi zai fuskanci babban asara. Ya kamata ya sami aƙalla mahimman bayanai game da abin da cututtukan cututtuka ke cikin aladu, da kuma yadda suke bayyana kansu. Wannan ilimin zai taimaka masa ya amsa cikin lokaci da kuma kare dabbobi daga yaduwar cututtuka.
Alade
Nau’in cututtuka na aladu
Cututtuka masu yaduwa suna haifar da cututtuka daban-daban – ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin cuta, fungi na pathogenic. Suna shiga jikin dabba ta hanyar narkewar abinci, microdamages akan fata, jima’i. Babban halayen cututtuka masu yaduwa sune kamar haka:
- Ana iya watsa su da sauri ga mutane masu lafiya.
- Hanyar cututtuka yawanci yana da matakai da yawa – latent, precursors, m, mataki na dawowa.
- Bayan farfadowa, an kafa rigakafi ga pathogen, godiya ga kwayoyin da aka samar a cikin jinin dabba marar lafiya.
Mafi sau da yawa, aladu suna kamuwa da irin waɗannan cututtuka masu yaduwa:
- Viral gastroenteritis.
- Erysipelas.
- Circovirus kamuwa da cuta.
- Paratif.
- Cutar Aujeszky.
- Edema cuta na piglets.
- Ciwon ciki.
- parvovirus kamuwa da cuta.
- Leptospirosis a cikin aladu.
Don samun ra’ayi game da abubuwan da ke haifar da waɗannan cututtuka, bayyanar su da tsinkaye, za mu yi la’akari da kowane abu daki-daki.
Viral gastroenteritis
Cutar gastroenteritis mai yaduwa tana haifar da coronavirus. Samun shiga sashin aladu na narkewa, yana haifar da abin da ya faru na kumburi na mucosa na ciki.
Kamuwa da cuta na dabbobi faruwa yafi a lokacin watering
Kamuwa da cuta na dabbobi faruwa yafi a alimentary hanyar a lokacin watering wuri, cin abinci gurbata da microorganisms. Masu dauke da kwayar cutar su ne aladu marasa lafiya, tsuntsaye, rodents, dabbobin gida.
Magana. Dabbobin da suka kamu da cutar gastroenteritis na kwayar cuta suna ci gaba da fitar da kwayar cutar a cikin najasa da fitsari har tsawon watanni 2-3.
Cutar ita ce mafi haɗari ga tsotsa aladu, sun mutu kwanaki 3-5 bayan kamuwa da cuta. Yi la’akari da alamun cututtukan gastroenteritis na hoto:
- Rashin ci.
- Yanayin baƙin ciki. Haɓakar zafin jiki (yawanci ɗan gajeren lokaci).
- Yin amai.
- Zawo (ruwa, koren stools, fitarsu yana faruwa ba da son rai ba).
- Dehydration, bayyana ta sunken idanu, bushe mucous membranes.
- Shuka masu shayarwa sun daina samar da madara.
Maganin gastroenteritis na hoto ya fara nan da nan. Ana raba aladu marasa lafiya nan da nan zuwa ɗakin keɓewa, kuma ana dakatar da ciyarwa na kwana ɗaya. A ciki ba da furatsilin ko furazonal – magungunan antimicrobial. Ana gudanar da maganin rigakafi masu yawa a cikin jiki. Tun da marasa lafiya sun rasa ruwa mai yawa, wajibi ne don mayar da ma’auni na ruwa da electrolyte. Ana sayar da aladu da ruwan gishiri. Tare da yawan amai, ana gudanar da maganin da ke rama ƙarancin ruwa da gishirin ma’adinai ta cikin jini.
Ana ba da abinci a cikin ruwa kawai. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da sorbents don kawar da alamun maye. Lokacin da dabbobi suka fara murmurewa, ana bada shawarar ba su probiotics don daidaita microflora.
Mug
Erysipelas cuta ce ta kwayoyin cuta da ake kira erysipelothrix insidia. Yana shiga jiki ta hanyar numfashi, ta fata ko da abinci. Idan cutar ta ci gaba a cikin wani nau’i mai mahimmanci, ana nuna shi ta hanyar ci gaban septicemia, endocarditis, necrosis na fata da polyarthritis.
Barkewar cutar erysipelas na faruwa musamman a lokacin dumi. Tushen kamuwa da cuta shine dabbobi marasa lafiya, gurɓataccen abinci, ruwa. Mafi sau da yawa, erysipelas yana shafar alade a ƙarƙashin shekara ɗaya. Yanayin cutar na iya zama daban-daban, ya dogara da matakin virulence na pathogen, shekarun dabba, yanayin kiyayewa, da matsayi na rigakafi.
Magana. A fulminant da m hanya na cutar kusan ko da yaushe ƙare a cikin mutuwar aladu.
Alamun erysipelas a cikin m nau’i na cutar:
Alade erysipelas
- Matsakaicin hauhawar zafin jiki zuwa digiri 40.5-41.
- ƙin cin abinci.
- Zalunci.
- sanyi
- Kishirwa
- Wahalar numfashi.
- Cyanosis na fata a cikin wuyansa, peritoneum.
- Bayyanar halayen launin ruwan hoda a tarnaƙi da baya na dabba, wanda nan da nan ya yi duhu, ya zama purple.
- Necrosis na fata.
- Atonin hanji.
Idan erysipelas ya ci gaba sosai, ci gaban conjunctivitis, kurji a jiki, yana yiwuwa. A gefe da baya na mara lafiya, ƙumburi suna bayyana a cikin nau’i na triangles, rhombuses, wanda ƙarshe ya haɗu.
Magana. Bayyanar halayen halayen a jikin alade alama ce mai kyau. Yawancin lokaci bayan haka dabba ya zama sauƙi. A hankali, kurji ya wuce, kuma yanayin ya daidaita.
Tsarin cutar na yau da kullun yana da alaƙa da cin zarafi na ayyukan zuciya da haɓaka cututtukan arthritis.
Ana kula da Erysipelas tare da maganin anti-erysipelas da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta. Ana gudanar da shi ta hanyar subcutaneously. Ana ƙididdige ma’auni dangane da nauyin dabba (kimanin 1,5 ml a kowace kilogiram na nauyi). Ana gudanar da maganin rigakafi na jerin penicillin ta cikin tsoka:
- Streptomycin.
- Oxytetracycline.
- Erythromycin.
Erythromycin
Don kawar da bayyanar cututtuka, za a yi amfani da magungunan da ke motsa zuciya, hanji da tsarin juyayi.
Hankali! Idan ana zargin kamuwa da cutar erysipelas, nan da nan za a yi wa masu lafiya allurar rigakafi, ana kiyaye marasa lafiya daban, a cikin daki mai keɓe, wurin yana buƙatar ƙazanta tare da soda caustic ko bleach bayani.
Circovirus kamuwa da cuta
Wannan cuta mai yaduwa tana shafar alade da aka yaye kwanan nan daga mahaifiyarsu. Ma’anar abin da ke haifar da kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ce mai dauke da DNA wanda ke karuwa a cikin nama na lymphoid. Tushen kamuwa da cuta shine mutane marasa lafiya. Yaduwar kamuwa da cuta ana sauƙaƙe ta cunkoson dabbobi, rashin samun iska, sau da yawa dalilin shine farkon alurar riga kafi na alade (kafin ya kai watanni biyu). Ana kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar ɗigon iska, wani lokaci daga shuka.
Alamomin kamuwa da cutar circovirus:
- Piglets barci mai yawa, rauni.
- Sun yi tagumi, sun lalace.
- Matsalolin tsotsa ba su da kyau sosai.
- Fatar ta zama rawaya.
- Kunnuwa ne kodadde ko ma cyanotic.
- Zawo.
- Ana ganin rawar jiki.
- Cin zarafin haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyi.
- A kan bayyanar fata na dermatitis – rash, aibobi na siffar da ba daidai ba.
- Wani lokaci conjunctivitis yana tasowa.
Wani ingantaccen magani ga circovirus yana ci gaba har yanzu. Don dalilai na rigakafi, ana ba da shawarar yin rigakafin shuka da alade, duk da haka, bai kamata a aiwatar da shi nan da nan ba bayan yaye lokacin da jariran ke damuwa.
Circovirus kamuwa da cuta a cikin piglets
Paratyphoid
Wannan cuta tana faruwa ne daga kwayoyin cutar salmonella. Suna shiga cikin jikin dabbobi ta hanyar alimentary – tare da abinci ko ruwa. Maganin cutar zazzabin paratyphoid yana da matukar juriya ga abubuwan waje, don haka wannan cuta yana da wahalar magancewa. Cutar tana shafar alade ‘yan kasa da watanni shida kuma tana haifar da canje-canje a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini kuma tana tare da matsanancin maye na jiki. Paratyphoid yana faruwa ne galibi a cikin nau’i na yau da kullun, amma a cikin dabbobi masu ƙarancin rigakafi, gami da ƙananan alade, yanayin cutar yana da ƙarfi.
Alamomin alade paratyphoid:
- Ƙaƙƙarfan haɓakar zafin jiki zuwa digiri 41,5 ko fiye.
- Rashin ci.
- Dabbar ta tawayar, tana kwance a cikin gadon gado.
- An toused bristles.
- Sautin fata yana canzawa daga ruwan hoda zuwa launin toka.
- Zawo.
- Eczema
- Talakan hajiya suna da tayi, launin toka-kore a launi.
- Kusa da mataki na ƙarshe na cutar, fata akan kunnuwa da wuyansa ya zama shuɗi.
Magana. Tare da m nau’i na paratyphoid, piglets ba su da damar rayuwa a zahiri. Mutuwa tana faruwa a cikin ‘yan kwanaki.
A cikin tsari na yau da kullum, alamun sun fi sauƙi, akwai zawo, wanda sau da yawa ya maye gurbinsa da maƙarƙashiya, dabba ya rasa nauyi.
Ana amfani da maganin rigakafi (levomycetin, tetracycline) da nitrofurans, da kuma magani na musamman wanda ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin cuta, don magance paratyphoid. Alurar riga kafi yana taimakawa hana barkewar cutar. Ana aiwatar da shi don tsotsa piglets waɗanda suka kai shekaru 20 kwanaki, sau biyu tare da tazara na kwanaki 8.
A causative wakili na paratyphoid
Cutar Aujeszky
Wannan cuta mai yaduwa tana faruwa ne ta hanyar kwayar cutar ta herpesvirus mai ɗauke da DNA. Alade ‘yan ƙasa da watanni biyu sun fi fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da cuta. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa duka ta hanyar hanyar alimentary, kuma ta hanyar gabobin numfashi, ƙwayoyin mucous da raunuka akan fata. Tushen cutar shine dabbobi marasa lafiya ko masu ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta (mutane da aka dawo da su waɗanda ke ci gaba da fitar da ƙwayoyin cuta tare da fitsari, feces, gamsai na makonni da yawa bayan murmurewa). Yawan mace-mace yana da yawa – kawai 4-5% na mutane suna rayuwa tsakanin alade. Cutar Aujeszky tana tare da rikice-rikice na tsarin juyayi, yayin da kwayar cutar ta shiga cikin kwakwalwar dabbobi kuma ta ninka a can.
Alamomin cutar Aujeszky a cikin piglets (m):
- Zazzaɓi.
- Farin ciki, babban damuwa.
- Harkar numfashi.
- Yawan kwararar ruwa mai kumfa.
- atishawa
- Aladu suna ɗaukar matakan da ba su dace ba a gare su, suna yin motsin iyo, suna kwance a gefensu.
- Ciwon ciki.
- Shanyewar gabobi, makoshi.
A cikin manya, cutar ta fi sauƙi, dabbobi suna murmurewa a cikin ‘yan kwanaki. Alamun sun haɗa da asarar ci, damuwa, tari (cutar tana da rikitarwa ta hanyar ciwon huhu).
Babu wani tsarin magani mai inganci. Aiki ya nuna cewa yin amfani da immunoglobulins baya bayar da sakamakon da ake tsammani. Don hana ci gaban ciwon huhu, ana ba da shawarar dabbobi marasa lafiya don yin allurar rigakafi da ba da bitamin. Bayan murmurewa, manya sune masu ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta.
Edema cuta na piglets
Babban dalilin cutar edematous shine Escherichia coli. Bayan shigar da jikin alade, yana shafar gabobin narkewa da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya. Toxins da ke ɓoye ta ƙwayoyin cuta suna haifar da dystonia na jijiyoyin jini da hemostasis. A sakamakon haka, kyallen takarda suna samun isasshen iskar oxygen, kuma ruwa ya taru a cikinsu. Edema yana samuwa ba kawai a ƙarƙashin fata ba, har ma a cikin gabobin ciki da kwakwalwa. Cutar edematous tana shafar aladun da aka yaye galibi.
Babban dalilin cutar edematous shine Escherichia coli
Alamomi:
- Zazzabi yana tashi zuwa digiri 42.
- Damuwa.
- Ana haɓaka hankalin fata (alade suna ƙugiya lokacin da aka taɓa).
- Crams a cikin tsokoki na gabobi, wuyansa.
- A nan gaba, akwai kumburin fatar ido, sashin gaba, hanci, kunnuwa.
- ƙin cin abinci.
- Zawo ko amai.
- Alamun gazawar zuciya – bugun jini yana saurin sauri, amma bugun yana da rauni.
- Fatar kunnuwa, facin, peritoneum ya zama shuɗi.
- Rashin numfashi yana tasowa.
- Ba da daɗewa ba kafin mutuwa, tashin hankali, ƙwayar tsoka na iya farawa.
Don maganin cututtukan edematous, ana amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa, da nitrofurans. Ana gudanar da maganin antihistamines a cikin jiki. Ana ba da piglets urotropin don rage karfin jini. Wani ƙayyadaddun tsarin kulawa da magunguna don cututtukan edematous ba su wanzu.
Ciwon ciki
Dysentery cuta ce mai yaduwa ta hanyar spirochete, kwayoyin cutar anaerobic. Ana yin rikodin barkewar cutar sau da yawa a cikin hunturu da bazara, lokacin da tsarin rigakafi na aladu ya ɗan raunana. Cutar ta shiga cikin jiki ta hanyar hanyar alimentary. Sake haifuwa a cikin hanji, yana haifar da rushewar tsarin narkewa, gudawa, maye na jiki. Cutar tana shafar aladu na kowane zamani, amma matasa aladu suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cuta musamman. Mutuwa tsakanin alade na wata-wata ya kai 100%.
Alamomi:
- Zawo mai tsanani (stools suna launin toka-kore tare da jini).
- Rashin ruwa (idanun sun nutse, mucous membranes sun bushe).
- Kishirwa
- Rauni, rawar jiki.
- Pallor fata.
- Wani lokaci akwai amai.
- gajiya.
Ana gudanar da magani tare da kwayoyi wanda spirochete ke da hankali. Misali, Osarsol. Tare da wannan, Furazolidone kuma ana amfani dashi, tunda sauran microflora masu cutarwa sun mamaye dysentery a cikin hanji.
Parvovirus kamuwa da cuta
Wannan cuta ta bambanta da aladu kuma ana haifar da ita ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta na kwayar cutar Parvovirus. Ana lura da bayyanar cututtuka na cutar kawai a cikin mata. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Zubar da ciki.
- Rashin haihuwa.
- Haihuwa.
- Ciwon ‘ya’yan itace.
Alurar riga kafi na piglets
Kamuwa da…
