Zana tsarin kasuwanci don gonar alade

Tsarin kasuwanci da aka zana daidai lokacin buɗe gonar alade yakamata ya dogara ne akan buƙatun kasuwa na yanzu, ƙimar albashi na gaske, farashin abinci da samfurin ƙarshe da ake siyarwa. Tsare-tsare a hankali na kowane mataki na samarwa zai ba ku damar tantance ribar kasuwancin cikin nutsuwa, auna madaidaicin matakin saka hannun jari.

Ci gaban shirin kasuwanci

Muhimmanci! Tsarin kasuwanci na yau da kullun don gonar alade yakamata ya haɗa da sassan masu zuwa:

• matakin tsarawa;
• tsarin tallace-tallace;
• wurare da kayan aiki;
• shirin kudi;
• kiman hadari;
• janyo hankalin zuba jari.

Matakin tsarawa

A mataki na shiri na gonar alade, wajibi ne don samar da mafita ga ayyuka masu zuwa:

• Tashoshi don siyan aladu (yana da mahimmanci don sayan kyawawan mutane na manyan masu samar da kayayyaki, musamman don guje wa dangantakar dangi tsakanin dabbobi);
• ciyar da abinci da kuma tsarin ƙididdiga (matsakaicin amfani da hatsi na shekara-shekara a kan gonar alade na shugabannin 400 zai kasance game da ton 40, kuma wajibi ne don siyan kayan abinci na abinci, premixes, bitamin, nau’ikan abinci na musamman ga dabbobi matasa da shuka masu ciki;
• ƙayyade jerin kayan aikin da ake bukata;
• tsara dukkan matakai na sake zagayowar samarwa.

Shirin tallace-tallace

Gonar alade a matsayin nau’in kasuwanci yana da alaƙa da babban riba, farawa daga 25%, da kuma yawan buƙatun samfuran. Da farko, dan kasuwa mai novice yana buƙatar yanke shawara akan babban aiki: yana iya zama kiwon alade ko kitsen aladu don yanka. Manyan gonaki daga shugabanni 100 na iya haɗa nau’ikan ayyukan biyu, da kuma tsara gidan yanka idan akwai tashoshin tallace-tallace na samfuran nama da aka gama.

Siyar da kayan naman da aka gama

Lokacin zana tsarin tallace-tallace, ya zama dole a yi la’akari da fa’idodin gasa: kasancewar sauran masu kera a yankin da ƙarancin kayan nama. Hakanan wajibi ne a fahimci tsarin buƙatu: za a ba da samfuran don ƙarshen masu amfani ko ga masana’antar sarrafa nama.

Mafi kyawun adadin dabbobi don sabon gona shine aladu 300-400, wanda aladu 150 ke shuka, aladu 10 boars ne, sauran kuma suna kitso don siyarwa na gaba. Ana iya siyar da dabbobin da aka kitse ko kuma yara kanana don ƙarin kiwo. Wannan samfurin gonar alade ne wanda za mu yi la’akari da shi a cikin wannan shirin kasuwanci kamar yadda ya fi dacewa.

Mahimman alamomi don tsarawa:

• Matsakaicin karuwa a cikin nauyin alade shine 600-800 g kowace rana;
• shuka yawan aiki – game da 12 piglets;
• tallace-tallace na kowane wata na alade mai kitse – shugabannin 60;
• matsakaicin farashin a cikin nauyin rayuwa – 125 rubles / kg;
• tsawon lokacin sake zagayowar girma shine watanni 7-10;
• Farashin kowane wata na gonar shine 650 rubles.

Nemo wuri

Bude gonar alade yana buƙatar zaɓin filin ƙasa tare da gine-ginen da ke kan shi. Mafi kyawun yanki shine 3-4 dubu sq.m. Dole ne a ƙera wurin don ɗaukar gonaki na yanki kuma ba za a iya kasancewa a cikin birni ba. A kan ƙasa na wurin, ana buƙatar samun granary tare da damar akalla 100 tons, ɗakin cin abinci na hay, alade da kansa da kuma taron bita.

Lokacin buɗe gonar alade, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban da yawa:

Gonar alade

1. Sayen fili na ƙasa da gina sabon aladun turnkey. Duk wannan zai buƙaci babban jarin kuɗi. Don haka, a lokacin da ake shirin samun ƙasa a cikin tsarin kasuwanci, ya zama dole don samar da ajiyar kuɗi a cikin adadin 1,2-1,5 miliyan rubles, da kuma gina gine-gine don kiyaye aladu, wanda zai bi duk daidaitattun tsafta da wuta, 10-14 miliyan .rubles (an ƙididdige farashin bisa ga matsakaicin jadawalin kuɗin fito na 12-000 rubles da 14 sq.m. na ginin da aka gama). Lokacin gina sabon wurin, ana buƙatar izinin gini da amincewar aikin.
2. Hayar gonar alade. Zaɓin mafi araha tare da ƙaramin saka hannun jari na farko.
3. Sayen gonar alade da aka gama. Abun da aka gama a cikin yanayi mai kyau da yankin da ya dace zai biya mai siye 20-100 miliyan rubles, dangane da wurin da gonar, yankinsa, kayan aikin fasaha.

Dole ne a samar da wuraren wuraren aladu daidai da ka’idodin kulawa da kulawa. An zaɓi yanki na alkalan aladu bisa ga mafi ƙarancin mita 3 a kowace kai. Ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin 15-20 ° C. Wajibi ne don samar da ingantaccen tsarin samun iska wanda zai samar da iska mai kyau da kuma kula da zafi mai mahimmanci. Dabbobi suna buƙatar samun ruwa akai-akai.

Hankali! Shuka masu ciki suna buƙatar lita 20-25 na ruwa kowace rana don abinci mai kyau da kuma sha na gina jiki.

daukar ma’aikata

Yawan ma’aikatan gonar alade ya dogara da adadin dabbobi. Don adadin adadin mutane 400, za a buƙaci ma’aikata na dindindin 8-9:

• likitan dabbobi – sashin ma’aikata 1 tare da albashi na 25 rubles;
• Kwararrun dabbobi – 1 naúrar cikakken lokaci tare da albashi na 21 rubles;
• manajan – 1 naúrar cikakken lokaci tare da albashi na 18 rubles;
• ma’aikata – sassan ma’aikata 2 tare da albashi na 12 rubles;
• masu kiwon alade – sassan ma’aikata 3 tare da albashi na 15 rubles;
• akawu – 1 ma’aikata naúrar tare da albashi na 20 rubles ko fitar da sabis daraja 000 rubles a wata.

Likitan dabbobi yana duba alade

Lokacin yin rajistar wani akawu don fitar da kaya, jimlar kuɗin kuɗin zai zama 141 rubles kowace wata. A kan shekara-shekara, 000 miliyan rubles za a buƙaci don biyan ma’aikatan gonar alade. Don inganta yawan ma’aikata da rage asusun albashi, za ku iya yin la’akari da siyan kayan aiki waɗanda ke sarrafa aikin hannu gwargwadon yiwuwa. Da farko, wannan ya haɗa da kayan aikin ciyar da abinci, masu shayarwa na rukuni, kwandon abinci, kayan aikin tsabtace alkalama. Har ila yau, a wasu gonaki, aikin likitan dabbobi da kiwo na mutum daya ne ke yin shi saboda karancin ma’aikata.

Shirin kudi na kamfani

Shirin kudi na gonar alade ya haɗa da duk alamun da aka lissafa a sama kuma yana ba ku damar tsara farashi a fili, ƙayyade yawan riba da riba. Babban kudaden gonar alade a kowane wata sun haɗa da:

• kudin shiga – 141 rubles;
• cirewar inshora – 42 rubles;
• biya don wutar lantarki, ruwa da dumama – 30 rubles;
• farashin ciyarwa da bayarwa – 180 rubles (a cikin adadin 000 rubles da dabba 450);
• ƙarin kuɗi, wanda zai iya haɗawa da siyan kayan aikin dabbobi, magunguna, man fetur da man shafawa – 20 rubles;
• jimlar – 413 rubles.

Don ƙididdige ribar net, dole ne ku aiwatar da matakai masu zuwa:

• babban riba u650d 000 (farashi) – 413 (farashi) u300d 236 rubles;
• cire haraji (6%) – 14 rubles;
• net riba u236d 700-14 u202d 222 rubles.

Lissafin ribar net

Tare da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, ribar gonar alade za ta kasance 34%, wanda shine babban alama a cikin masana’antu. Ana samun irin wannan riba a ƙarƙashin yanayin ingantaccen tashoshi na tallace-tallace da kuma sake zagayowar samarwa. Biyan kuɗin gonar alade zai dogara ne akan girman zuba jari na jari, wanda ya zama dole don yanke shawara ko zai zama gina sabon kayan aiki, haya ko siyan gonar alade da aka shirya. Misalin mu, bari mu dauki aikin gina sabuwar gona a karkara. Jimlar jarin zai ƙunshi farashi masu zuwa:

1. Siyan yanki – 1 rubles.
2. Farashin farashin – 15 rubles.

Har ila yau, lissafin kudi don buɗe gonar alade dole ne ya haɗa da rajista na kamfani, samun izini da izini (100 rubles), samar da kayan abinci (000 rubles), sayan shuka (400 rubles). A cikin babban farashi, ya zama dole don nuna ƙarin kuɗi don kashe kuɗi da tsarin kasuwanci ba a bayar da shi ba (000 rubles), kuɗi don siyan kayan aiki (500 rubles), da kuma ajiyar babban kuɗi a cikin adadin 000 rubles. Don haka, tare da zuba jari na miliyan 300, lokacin dawowa zai zama shekaru 000.

A cewar kididdigar, a cikin shekaru 5 da suka gabata an sami raguwar shigo da naman alade zuwa Rasha. Hakan ya faru ne saboda karuwar yawan masana’antun cikin gida da suka samu nasarar yin takara a wannan bangare. Duk da haka, noman alade ya kasance masana’antu mai riba sosai, wanda, tare da rarraba hannun jari mai kyau, yana ba da sakamako a cikin shekaru 5-7.