Shuka masu ciki

Tsayawa aladu a gida na iya zama aiki mai fa’ida sosai. Waɗannan dabbobin ba su da fa’ida a cikin kulawa, kuma yawansu yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri. Shuka ɗaya a kowace shekara yana ba da ‘ya’ya biyu, matsakaicin 10 piglets. Amma yanzu, domin matasa su ba da girma mai kyau kuma su kasance lafiya tun daga farkon kwanakin rayuwa, dole ne a samar da yanayin rayuwa mai kyau da kuma abincin da ya dace ga alade a farkon ciki. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci a sami aƙalla fahimtar yadda wannan tsari ke gudana a cikin shuka, yadda za a tantance shi, da yadda za a kula da ita a wannan lokacin.

Ciki na shuka

Menene ciki a cikin alade?

Ciki na shuka, a wasu kalmomi, an bayyana shi azaman ciki. Balaga a cikin piglets yana farawa da wuri. Da watanni 4-5, matan suna shirye su yi aure. A cikin maza, wannan mataki na ci gaba yana faruwa a lokacin watanni shida. Amma, a matsayin mai mulkin, masu shayarwa sun yi watsi da farautar aladu na farko a wannan zamani, suna jira har sai dabbobi sun kai ga balaga ta jiki.

Manoman da ke da alhakin kiwo a cikin garken, suna zaɓar mata mafi dacewa daga cikin jama’a don samun ciki. Dole ne su kasance da ƙarfi kuma daidai (la’akari da halaye na nau’in) nade. kwarangwal, musamman a yankin dorsal, dole ne ya kasance lafiya kuma ba tare da nakasa ba, jiki yana da tsayi. Hakanan tabbatar da kula da sha’awar abinci da ayyukan mutum. Idan alkalumman biyu sun yi girma, to, irin waɗannan shuka masu juna biyu suna da ikon samar da ‘ya’ya masu lafiya kuma bai kamata a sami matsala yayin farrowing ba.

Domin samun lafiya, karfi da karfi piglets daga alade, tana buƙatar tabbatar da yanayin da ya dace a farkon ciki. Wannan ya haɗa da abinci mai inganci da yalwar abinci, tafiya na yau da kullun, tsarin zafin jiki daidai. Shi ya sa dole ne a gano ciki a cikin mace da wuri da wuri.

Yadda za a ƙayyade ciki na alade a gida?

Tabbas, hanyar da ta fi dacewa don sanin ko aladu a gonakin suna yin ciki shine ta gwajin gwaje-gwaje. Ana bincikar ciki ta hanyar amfani da samfurin jini ko gwajin duban dan tayi, wanda aka yi tare da na’urar daukar hotan takardu na musamman. Amma, irin waɗannan hanyoyin suna ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa, kuma ba su da arha. Sabili da haka, sau da yawa ya fi kyau a gano ciki a cikin alade ta hanyar saka idanu a gida.

Ultrasound Scanner

Ana iya yin wasu zato game da kasancewar ciki a farkon kwanaki 4-5 bayan jima’i. Idan tsarin ya yi nasara, to, alamun da suka dace sun bayyana:

1. Babu sha’awar yin aure.
2. Rage yawan ci a cikin dabba.
3. Rashin zubewa.
4. Kasancewar takamaiman sirrukan, kama da ƙwayar curd, a cikin yankin al’aurar mace.
5. Rashin sha’awar mutum ga abin da ke faruwa a kusa.
6. Wani kaifi karuwa a cikin jiki nauyi na shuka.

Duk waɗannan alamun, suna bayyana a farkon ciki, ba su daina bacewa har sai sun ɓace. Idan, bayan makonni biyu, sun fara bace, ciki ya kasance ƙarya.

Har ila yau, a farkon kwanakin, wasu alamun zasu taimaka wajen ƙayyade ciki. Alal misali, alade yakan zauna a ƙasa ba tare da dalili ba. A wasu lokuta, ana iya gano toxicosis.

Wata hanyar da aka fi sani don ƙayyade ko shuka yana da ciki shine dubawa na gani. Amma yana da tasiri riga a cikin matakai na gaba na ciki. Kallon gani yana ba ka damar ƙayyade lamba da wurin ‘yan tayi a cikin alade. Don aiwatar da wannan hanya, dabbar, a hankali a hankali, an shimfiɗa shi a gefensa. Bugu da ari, ba tare da dakatar da shafa ba, suna bincika gaban ciki tare da ɗan harbi. A cikin aiwatar da bincike, yakamata ku jagorance ku ta glandan mammary na dabba. Dan kadan sama da su, zaka iya samun ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu sauƙi, ƙayyade wurin su da yawa.

Ya kamata a lura cewa idan akwai tuhuma cewa alade har yanzu yana da ciki, ya zama dole a dauki mataki nan da nan. Dole ne a kiyaye shi daga yuwuwar damuwa gwargwadon yiwuwa. Gogaggun manoma sun yi iƙirarin cewa hatta kururuwa na yau da kullun da ɗabi’a ga mace suna da tasiri mai ƙarfi akan zuriyar. Hakanan kuna buƙatar yin taka-tsan-tsan don kula da tsabta a cikin injin, da kuma aiwatar da rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta lokaci-lokaci. Kuma yana da mahimmanci musamman don tabbatar da ingantaccen ciyarwar shuka mai ciki.

Ciyarwa (kimanin abinci: bitamin, ruwa)

Abinci na musamman shine yanayi mafi mahimmanci don kiyaye shuka mai ciki. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a tsara shi bisa ga shekarun dabba. A wannan batun, an raba duk shuka zuwa girma da girma.

Teburin wutar lantarki

Ana la’akari da girma mutane waɗanda ba su kai shekaru 2 ba tukuna. A gare su, an ware adadin abinci mai mahimmanci fiye da aladu masu girma. A matsakaici, shuka ɗaya, ba tare da la’akari da nauyinta ba, yana cinye adadin kayan abinci iri ɗaya kamar dabba mai nauyin kilo 180-200. Dalilin irin wannan babban kuɗaɗen shine ɗayan ɓangarensa yana zuwa girma da haɓaka tayin, na biyu kuma ya zama dole don kula da jikin macen da kanta.

Kimanin abinci ga dabba a lokacin daukar ciki yayi kama da haka:

1. Gari daga ciyawa ko ciyawa – 5-10%.
2. Fresh ciyawa ko sauran abinci mai daɗi – 15-30%.
3. Hannun jari na abinci mai mahimmanci (abincin abinci, hatsi, wasu sharar gida daga sarrafa hatsi) – 60-85%. Haka kuma, yana da kyawawa cewa 10-20% na jimlar adadin abinci mai da hankali yana shagaltar da wake.

Masana da yawa kuma suna ba da shawarar ƙara kashi 5 zuwa 7% na sharar kifi da nama a cikin abinci. Idan babu irin wannan, ana iya maye gurbinsu da busassun kashi ko abincin kifi.

A farkon wata na uku na ciki, ya kamata a ƙara yawan adadin abinci mai daɗi da roughage, wanda ke ƙara fitar da madara a jikin dabba. Idan aka kwatanta da kitso aladu, rabon hannun jarin abinci mai gina jiki ya kamata ya zama mafi girma.

Har ila yau, a cikin tsarin ciyar da shuka mai ciki, yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da kula da yanayinta. Babu yadda za a yi a bar karancin abinci ko kiba a wannan matakin. Dukansu yanayi na iya haifar da zubar da ciki ko kuma masu rauni sosai.

Winter

A hanyoyi da yawa, gina abinci kuma ya dogara da lokacin da babban ɓangaren ciki na alade ke faruwa. Don haka tare da farkon sanyi na hunturu, ba zai yiwu a yi tafiya da dabba ba. Saboda haka, ana maye gurbin tafiya tare da babban adadin koren fodder. Har ila yau, ana ƙara yawan ciyawa a cikin abincin hunturu, ciki har da 0,2 – 0,3 kg (a kowace rana) na legumes.

Hay don shuka

Abincin mai daɗi ya kamata ya zama aƙalla kilogiram 4 a farkon watanni 2-3 na ciki, kuma kusan kilo 6 bayan haka. A wannan batun, danyen beets, karas, dankalin dankali shine mafi kyawun bayani. 1.5 kg na jimlar taro ya kamata ya zama bran, sha’ir, hatsin rai, masara.

Hakanan zai zama da amfani ga ci gaban tayin a cikin hunturu don haɗawa da whey ko madara a cikin shirin abinci mai gina jiki. Adadin yau da kullun na irin waɗannan samfuran yakamata ya zama aƙalla lita 2,5. Bugu da ƙari, yana da kyau a gabatar da madara ba a cikin tsari mai tsabta ba, amma don tsoma baki tare da abinci mai mahimmanci.

Sharar kicin da ke shiga cikin abincin sarauniya yakamata a tafasa sosai kafin tayi hidima.

Lokacin bazara

A cikin lokacin dumi, wajibi ne don sake cika ajiyar bitamin na shuka mai ciki zuwa matsakaicin. Don yin wannan, babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali shine a kan abincin succulent da kayan lambu. An ba da kulawa ta musamman don sake cika bukatun dabba na amino acid, bitamin D da bitamin B.

Kyakkyawan bayani zai kasance a ware wurin kiwo ga dabba, inda za ta iya ciyar da ciyawa da kanta. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, kana buƙatar samar da dabba da isasshen adadin alfalfa, clover, koren alkama da erysipelas. Hakanan, ana ba da izinin saman gwoza da ganyen kabeji azaman fodder kore. Don daidaita cin abinci, ana murƙushe ganye, haɗe da madara, hatsi, kayan lambu mai tushe kuma a yi amfani da su azaman cakuda.

Idan watan farko na ciki a cikin alade ya fadi a lokacin rani, to, yau da kullum na yau da kullum na abinci mai laushi da mai da hankali ya kamata ya zama akalla 6 kg. Bayan watanni biyu daga jima’i, duka nau’ikan abinci suna raguwa sosai. Kuma tuni kwanaki 10 kafin farrowing, an cire roughage gaba ɗaya daga abincin. A lokaci guda, adadin ciyawa da tushen amfanin gona ya ragu da rabi. Wannan matakin ya zama dole don hana kiba. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci cewa, tare da bitamin, dabba ta sami isasshen ma’adanai. Yawancinsu suna shiga cikin mahaifa da abinci, amma wani lokacin yana iya zama dole a ƙara alli a cikin abinci don cika buƙatar calcium.

Alli don shuka

Game da yawan ciyarwa, yakamata a samar da shuka tare da abinci 3 kowace rana. Ƙayyade lokacin kowane ɗayansu ya kasance a farkon ciki kuma kada ku canza shi har sai an yi nisa. A ƙarshen ciyarwa, alade dole ne ya sami damar samun ruwan dumi mai tsabta.

Kwanakin ciki

Matsakaicin lokacin ciki a cikin aladu shine kwanaki 114 (watanni 3, makonni 3 da kwanaki 3). Amma, ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan darajar yana da kusan kusan. A aikace, wannan alamar yana tasiri da abubuwa da yawa, manyan su ne shekarun mace, jinsi, da yanayin tsarewa. Saboda haka, idan muka yi la’akari da duk nuances, farrowing faruwa a cikin lokaci daga 101 zuwa 126 kwanaki. Amma bisa ga sakamakon binciken da yawa, an gano cewa 5% na alade ne kawai aka haifa a baya fiye da kwanaki 110 ko kuma bayan 119. Don haka, don lissafin ranar farrowing, yawanci ana ɗaukar kwanaki 110 daidai. Kuma a cikin kwanaki 9 masu zuwa, ana sa ran bayyanar zuriya.

Tsawon lokacin daukar ciki a cikin mahaifa kuma yana shafar wasu maki. Misali, ciki na iya yin tsayi idan mace ta dauki ‘yan tayi kasa da 6 a lokaci guda. Bugu da kari, lokacin shekara yana yin nasa gyare-gyare. Don haka a cikin hunturu, farrowing yana faruwa da sauri fiye da lokacin rani.

Kammalawa

Don haka, sanin yadda ciki ke ci gaba a cikin shuka yana da matukar amfani yayin kiwon aladu a gida. Yana ba da damar ba kawai don faɗaɗa ma’auni na gonaki ba a cikin kuɗin dabbobi marasa inganci, amma don girma masu ƙarfi da lafiya mutane, farawa tun kafin a haife su. Bugu da ƙari, sanin yanayin da ake bukata da abubuwan da suka shafi shekarun haihuwa zai ba ka damar yin tsinkaya daidai lokacin bayyanar zuriya kuma a hankali shirya don liyafarsa.