Humpback saniya

Wasu nau’ikan dabbobin gida ana bambanta su da yawan jama’a ta fuskoki na musamman na waje, godiya ga abin da suka shahara sosai, kuma ɗayan waɗannan nau’ikan shine saniya humpback Indiya.

Humpback Zebu shanu

Asalin

Ana ɗaukar saniya mai humpbacked a matsayin dabba mai tsarki a Indiya. Daga nan ne wannan layin jinsin, wanda kuma ake kira zebu, ya samo asali. Irin waɗannan shanu, a cewar masana kimiyya, sun bayyana fiye da shekaru dubu 300 da suka wuce kuma tun daga wannan lokacin bayyanar shanu ba ta canza ba.

Amma idan lokacin bayyanar shanun humpbacked an kafa shi daidai, to tushen irin waɗannan shanu yana haifar da tambayoyi da yawa tsakanin masu bincike. Wasu daga cikinsu sun yi imanin cewa zebu, kamar jinsin Turai, sun fito ne daga tsohuwar bijimin yawon shakatawa. Sansanin da ke gaba da juna ya yi hasashen cewa wannan layin nau’in ya yi daidai da yawon shakatawa kuma yana wakiltar nau’in nau’in mabambanta.

Ko ta yaya, tun da farko, shanun da aka yi humpback sun kasance daji gaba ɗaya, amma yawan jama’ar Indiya da Kudancin Asiya sun sami damar yin gida a hankali a hankali tare da daidaita su da bukatunsu.

Magana. Tun da ana ɗaukar shanu a matsayin tsarki a al’adun Indiya, madarar zebu kawai ake ci.

Ba da dadewa ba, kimanin ƙarni 2-3 da suka wuce, an kai ƴan ƙanƙanin shanun da ba a yi su ba zuwa Afirka. Anan nau’in ya daidaita da sauri, kuma masu shayarwa na gida sun yi amfani da shi don tsallakawa da nau’ikan shanu na asali.

Kasa da shekaru 100 da suka gabata, an kuma fitar da wasu kananan shanu zuwa jihohin kudancin Amurka da Brazil. Ya zuwa yau, ana kiwon saniyar Indiya a Indiya, Amurka, Afirka, Japan, Iraki, Azerbaijan da wasu ƙasashe da dama. Bugu da ƙari, na musamman na jiki, irin waɗannan shanu suna bambanta da wasu nau’o’in nau’in nau’i.

Bayyanar

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin shakka daga cikin ƙarni na haye tare da wasu nau’o’in, fiye da 90 daban-daban na zebu bayyana (kuma shi ne kawai a Indiya). Saboda haka, wasu halayensu na iya bambanta.

Bayanin shanun zebu

Matsakaicin nauyin balagagge saniya zebu shine 400-450 kg. Bijimin zai iya samun nauyi har zuwa 500 kg ko fiye. An bambanta bayyanar shanun Indiya ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

• jiki mai karfi na tsoka tare da manyan kasusuwa;
• kirjin yana kunkuntar kuma mara zurfi;
• gabobi suna da tsayi da siriri;
• wani katon kulli a bayan dabbar, wanda ya kunshi tsoka da kitse, wanda ya kai fiye da kashi 3% na nauyin sa;
• fatar jiki a cikin wuyansa da peritoneum;
• dogayen ƙahonin bijimin ɗan lanƙwasa;
• tsawon kunne har zuwa 50 cm.

Kwat da wando na zebu na iya zama kowane: baki, fari, ja, motley. Fatar mai kauri tana lulluɓe da gajerun santsi.

Yawan aiki

Da kyar za a iya dangana Zebu ga nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri. Tsawon shekara guda, saniya guda tare da daidaitaccen abinci yana bada daga 500 zuwa 1000 kilogiram na madara. Amma a wasu ƙasashe ana daraja ta sosai saboda abubuwan da ke cikin kitse. A matsakaita, wannan adadi shine 5-6%, amma wasu mutane na iya ba da madara tare da ƙwayar mai na 7%.

Zabu naman skewers

Ana daraja naman saniya mai humpback sosai. Yana da tsari mai tsauri, amma a zahiri baya ƙunshe da mai kuma yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi.

Magana. A yankunan karkarar Indiya, har yanzu ana amfani da bijimin zebu a matsayin dabbobi, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su zuwa manyan kuloli.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfani

Babban fa’idodin saniya humpback Indiya sune:

• ƙara juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban na shanu;
• babu buƙatun abinci na musamman;
• high palatability na naman sa;
• ƙara yawan kitse na madara, wanda galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin samar da samfuran da aka kammala a cikin masana’antar kiwo.

Daga cikin gazawar layin zuriyarsu akwai:

• yuwuwar kiwon dabbobi musamman a yanayin zafi, wanda ya zama matsala ga masu kiwo daga Turai;
• marigayi balaga: a cikin shanu yana faruwa ta watanni 45, a cikin bijimai – ta shekaru 2,5;
• mafi ƙarancin samar da madara.

Har yanzu saniyar humpback ta Indiya tana mamakin kamanninta da ba a saba gani ba har yau. Har ila yau, duk da cewa irin wannan dabbar ba ta nuna kima mai girma ba, amma har yanzu ana amfani da ita a duk faɗin duniya a matsayin ginshiƙi mai ƙarfi don kiwo sabbin nau’ikan shanu.

Marubuci: Olga Samoilova