Almost all gardeners are engaged in growing tomatoes. Homemade vegetables are much tastier and healthier than store-bought ones. However, this crop is often affected by late blight. What is it and how to get rid of phytophthora on tomatoes will be described in this article.
Causes of appearance
The main reasons include:
- high levels of humidity, heavy rains can provoke late blight;
- dense landings;
- poor ventilation between the bushes;
- proximity of tomatoes and potatoes;
- sudden changes in temperature;
- abundant dew in the morning;
- low air temperature during the day;
- frequent watering in July-August;
- sprinkling irrigation;
- a large amount of nitrogen and lime in the soil;
- lack of iodine, potassium and manganese in the soil.
Fight
There are various measures to combat late blight on fruits. More details on how to process tomatoes from phytophthora will be described later.
Химия
To cure tomatoes, you can use chemicals for phytophthora (data are indicated for dilution in 10 liters of water):
- Abiga Peak. You need 50 grams of the drug. For 1 acre, you need to spend this amount of liquid. Bushes are processed during the growing season.
- Alirin-B. A dozen tablets are diluted in ten liters of water. It all depends on the degree of infection. For 1 weave, this solution is consumed weekly.
- Arcerid. It will take 20 g. This amount is enough to process 100 m2 of a garden.
- Gamair. One tablet is enough, infuse the liquid for about 15-20 minutes.
- Quadris. For a bucket of water you need 40 ml.
- Kuproksat. 100 ml is enough to process 2 acres. For the season you need to carry out 4 treatments.
- Metronidazole. Take two tablets per bucket.
- Order. For 2 acres, 100 grams of the drug will be required.
- Revus. For 20 acres, dilute 12 ml of the product. Spray the bushes twice a month.
- Ridomil Gold. Use a bucket of liquid with 50 g of solution per 2 acres.
- Thanos. 6 g of the solution is enough to process 1 weave.
- Tattu. For 1 weave, use about 60 ml of the product.
Folk methods against phytophthora
Some summer residents prefer to use folk remedies for late blight on tomatoes.
The most common methods include (calculation per 10 liters of water):
- Saline solution. It will create an invisible film on the surface of the plant that prevents the ingress of fungi. This remedy can be used to prevent late blight on fruits. You need 250 g of salt. Spraying is carried out in the evenings during the growing season.
- Soda. You need a spoonful of the product and the same amount of liquid soap so that the mixture lingers on the green mass. Spray bushes every week and after rainfall.
- Dairy products. To get rid of late blight, you can use kefir or whey. The fermented milk product must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1. You need to process tomatoes every day.
- Wood ash. Dilute 5 kg of ash and let the mixture brew for 72 hours, then pour in another 20 liters of water. Spray every week.
- Hay. Mix 1 kg of rotted manure in a bucket of warm liquid. When the mixture is tuned, pour in 100 g of urea. Let the mass infuse for 72 hours, after which the bushes can be processed.
- Yeast. Dilute 100 g of dry yeast in a bucket of liquid at room temperature. First, let the mixture brew for 2 days, then proceed to spraying the bushes.
- Vinegar. You need 100 ml of liquid per bucket. Spray the green mass of tomatoes.
- Garlic tincture. You need to chop the arrows and heads of half the garlic, and pour them with warm water. Let the mixture infuse for a day, and then spray the bushes once a month.
Pharmacy drugs
Often, gardeners use pharmaceutical preparations to treat tomatoes from late blight.
Furacilin
The most common drug is Furacilin. It has an antibacterial effect and also destroys fungi. It is necessary to grind 10 tablets, and pour 10 liters of boiling water over them.
Wait until the drug dissolves, after which you can carry out the treatment.
Metronidazole
This drug destroys microorganisms and anaerobic flora. Dilute 20 tablets in a liter of tap water. When they dissolve, pour in another 9 liters of water, and mix.
You can add a little liquid soap to keep the composition on the green mass. Process the tomatoes immediately after cooking.
Iodine
Popular iodine. This drug helps fight late blight, and also nourishes the soil with nutrients.
Dilute 20 drops of iodine in a bucket of warm water, and spray the plantings.
Boric acid
To overcome late blight, you can use boric acid. It has antiseptic and insecticidal properties. To prepare the solution, mix 1 tsp. preparation and 10 liters of water, the temperature of which is about +50°C.
Wait until the crystals dissolve, otherwise, burns may form on the green mass. After you can spray the bushes.
Calcium chloride
How to deal with late blight on tomatoes with a food supplement? Mix a vial of calcium chloride and 2 liters of water. Treat the bushes, paying special attention to the stem.
Zelenka
Dilute 40 drops of the drug in ten liters of tap water and spray the bushes.
Peroxide
You need 20 spoons per bucket. The solution should be used immediately after preparation.
Маргацовка
It has antiseptic properties and also fights fungi.
For spraying, paying attention to the stalk, you only need a gram of the product.
other methods
If the above methods do not suit you, you can use simpler methods. Their feature is budget, simplicity and efficiency.
You can use Bordeaux mixture.
It is used to treat only the affected parts of the bush.
Spraying is carried out every 7-14 days. To prepare the solution, mix 100 g of copper sulfate with 1 liter of water, and after 150 g of lime with the same amount of the liquid component. When the components are dissolved, they need to be mixed. Apply a liter of solution per 5 m2.
You can also use blue vitriol in its purest form. To do this, dilute 100 g of powder in 1 liter of warm water, which must be preheated to a temperature of + 40 ° C. Then add another 9 liters of liquid, and mix thoroughly. Spraying should be carried out within the first 5-7 hours after preparing the solution.
Another effective method for combating phytophthora is copper wire. It will block the effect of the fungus.
Procedure:
- Wind the wire around the tomato stems.
- Take a piece of wire and pierce the base of the stem with it. Stick the ends into the ground.
Prevention
To prevent the development of late blight, you must follow all the recommendations on agricultural technology. It is important to consider where tomatoes grow.
If you are growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, follow these guidelines:
- regular disinfection and cleaning if the greenhouse has been used for several years;
- removal of cobwebs and residues from plants;
- annual soil replacement;
- sprinkling seedlings with wood ash before planting;
- regular ventilation to prevent condensation.
You can disinfect the greenhouse by fumigation. It is necessary to bring inside a metal container in which there will be smoldering coals. Put a cloth of wool on top, and fumigate the room for a day. You can also spray the greenhouse with a solution of Fitosporin or Baikal.
If you are growing tomatoes outdoors, follow these steps:
- Water the soil with a solution of lime. If you need to restore acidity, add peat when digging the soil.
- When planting seedlings in each hole, drop 3 tbsp. l. sand.
- Do not plant tomatoes in the place where potatoes, cucumbers, carrots and onions used to grow.
- Plant the crop in a sunny area where there is no stagnant water.
- Water in the morning in the evening, except in cases of rainy weather.
- Soil loosening so that air enters the root system.
As you can see, there are many methods to combat late blight. When choosing, consider financial capabilities and landing area. It is important to take preventive measures.
