Peas belong to the genus of annual herbaceous plants from the legume family. This plant looks from light green to dark gray-green in color, which does not need pollination by bees during flowering. Peas have round fruits growing in a pod of 4-10 pieces. In Russia, peas are one of the most popular legumes, despite the fact that some people still have the question of what peas are: a vegetable or not. These beans are easy to grow, require little maintenance and perform well when cooked. Moreover, this plant has many beneficial substances, vitamins and minerals.
The homeland of peas is Southwest Asia, where beans have been cultivated and eaten since the Stone Age. In Russia, these beans have been used in cooking and folk medicine since time immemorial. There is a certain classification of peas. It is divided into the following types: shelled and sugar.
Shelled varieties of peas are grown mainly for canning. A young, natural and sweet fruit is taken from sugar peas without a parchment layer in the valves and consumed in its raw or processed form.
Chickpeas or chickpeas are a variety of leguminous plants with grains in the shape of a ram’s head with a bird’s beak.
There is a special Chinese pea variety, which is ideal for freezing young green fruits.
Chemical composition and calorific value
In terms of its chemical composition, peas are a storehouse of trace elements, proteins, fats and carbohydrates, which is useful for the body. These beans, the chemical composition of which includes proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins B, A, E, K, H, PP, amino acids, microelements, which in terms of quantity constitute an almost complete periodic table, can fully replace meat products without harm to health. The fruits are rich in iron, they contain vegetable fiber and starch.
This culture consists of a large amount of BJU (proteins, fats, carbohydrates), so the nutritional value of beans is on a level with some varieties of meat, which is an alternative source of nutrition for vegetarians. The high protein content in fruits is similar in level to lentils and beans.
Caloric value of the product, revealed during the research, is 55 kcal per 100 gram. Boiled product more high-calorie – 60 kcal per 100 grams. Dried peas turned out to be the most high-calorie – 298 kcal per 100 grams of product. But the traditional canned peas are the least calories.
Green peas (fresh) – characteristic and nutritional value per 100 grams
Components
Amount in grams
ะะตะปะบะธ
5,4
ะะธัั
0,4
ะฃะณะปะตะฒะพะดั
14,5
ะะฐะปััะธะน
0,025
ะะฐะณะฝะธะน
0,033
ะะตะปะตะทะพ
0,00015
ะคะพััะพั
0,108
ะะฐะปะธะน
0,244
ะฆะธะฝะบ
0,00012
ะัะบะพัะฑะธะฝะพะฒะฐั ะบะธัะปะพัะฐ
0,04
ะขะธะฐะผะธะฝ
0,0003
ะ ะธะฑะพัะปะฐะฒะธะฝ
0,0001
ะะธะฐัะธะฝ
0,0021
ะะธัะธะดะพะบัะธะฝ
0,0002
ะะฐะฝัะพัะตะฝะพะฒะฐั ะบะธัะปะพัะฐ
0,0001
Useful Properties
The benefits and harms of peas are described in many sources of information. Its beneficial properties are widely known both in folk and classical medicine. Plant pods contain a lot of chlorophyll, which affects the calcium content in the body. Chopped peas as a result of crushing lose their beneficial qualities, losing vitamins and minerals. Pea beans are good for the body. Due to the fact that there is no cholesterol in peas, it is used for heart failure.
With a lack of vitamin A (retinol), it is recommended to eat mashed peas without heat treatment. In this case, it is not advisable to combine the dish with products containing starch, in order to avoid difficulties with the absorption of retinol. Pea puree is also useful for high acidity and stomach ulcers.
Modern research by scientists has revealed that peas can be used as a full-fledged medicine. It contains substances that can slow down oxidative processes. The use of these fruits significantly slows down the process of skin aging, counteracts the appearance of cancer, heart attack and high blood pressure. Peas are useful for diabetes due to their carbohydrate content, which consists of fructose and sucrose. Fresh young peas serve as an excellent diuretic and help to remove acids from the stomach. Peas are useful for dermatitis and seizures due to the content of pyridoxine, which is involved in the synthesis of amino acids.
The advantage of sprouted pea fruits is that they contain an increased amount of vitamins. Enzymes form digestible compounds, which allows you to get a positive effect for the body.
Parents often have questions about whether peas are useful for children and how old they are to start giving peas and dishes from them.
Giving baby peas is very useful. It contributes to the normal growth of the child, supports muscle tone and appetite, stimulates mental activity.
Pregnant women need to eat peas due to the fact that it:
- affects the normal development of the fetus due to the content of folic acid;
- increases the body’s defenses against viruses and infections, thanks to vitamin C;
- strengthens the bones and bone tissue of the fetus due to the presence of vitamin K;
- strengthens skin, hair and nails.
ะัะพัะธะฒะพะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั
In some cases, the pea is harmful. Those who suffer from flatulence or bloating, doctors do not recommend eating beans. In extreme cases, you can use it with fennel, which removes gas.
Nursing mothers should limit the use of dishes from peas.
The fact is that it contains a large amount of coarse tissue, which leads to the formation of gases in babies that feed on motherโs breast milk. During lactation, you need to check what the baby’s reaction to the pea dishes will be and, in the case of a positive reaction, gradually introduce them into the diet of the nursing mother.
Dry peas should not be eaten by people with inflammatory processes in the stomach, circulatory disorders. You also can not use it with gout, as well as with pancreatitis during the acute phase and with gastritis.
Application
The use of peas varied. It is used for different purposes:
- treatment of diseases;
- in cooking;
- for weight loss;
- for cosmetic procedures;
- For fishing.
The pea diet is based on how much protein and how much carbohydrate is in 100 grams of product. Peas perfectly cleanses the body, so the result of the diet will be noticeable relatively quickly. To cleanse the body, dry beans need to soak for 12 hours, and then pass through a meat grinder. The resulting tool must be eaten throughout the day or added to soup or other dishes. So you need to eat a week, after which you need to take a break and re-resume the course.
It is important to note that high-quality dry peas should have a yellow or green shade. If the peas after soaking do not boil soft in 1 hour 40 minutes, then it must be discarded.
In cooking, shelling fruits are used to make soups, porridges and side dishes. Peeled pea porridge will suit even small children as a second course. Sugar fruits are soft and juicy, so they can be eaten raw in pods. This variety of beans is best for use in pods as a side dish for fish or vegetables. Vegetables or fruits in a salad can be supplemented with these sweet fruits.
Unripe dried beans are best used for freezing or canning.
For cosmetic purposes, beans are used to improve skin condition. The mask of green pea flour perfectly moisturizes dry skin of the face, neck and dรฉcolletรฉ.
A special porridge is made from peas for successful biting of fish on a fishing trip.
For the treatment of diseases, pea is an indispensable natural product. It protects adults from harmful habits such as smoking and drinking alcohol. Tincture of peas effectively relieves toothache and eliminates problems with gums. Pea flour well restores digestion, eliminating constipation, and fights migraines and heartburn.
Even our ancestors knew about the healing properties of peas and used it during strict posts. This can be explained by the high content of healthy and nutrients in it, allowing a long period of time to do without animal food.
Ways of preparation
Methods for preparing pea dishes have their own characteristics. Before you cook peas, it is pre-soaked for 10-12 hours in water. Beans are boiled in a saucepan with the lid closed over low heat to preserve all the beneficial properties. During cooking, water is periodically added to the pan if it boils. At the end of cooking, salt is added to the dish to taste. Peas are cooked in different ways: boil, blanch, fry, pickle, preserve and bake. Pickled peas canned. Some housewives, so that there are no questions about how to store fresh peas, put it in the freezer, where you can get it at any time of the year.
It is interesting to prepare the fruit in the form of a snack: crushed beans, add crushed mint, lemon juice, olive oil and yogurt.
For the preparation of cosmetic masks mix one tablespoon of pea flour with a teaspoon of vegetable oil and yolk. The mixture is applied to the skin for half an hour. Storage of cosmetic masks should be organized in a sealed container in the refrigerator.
The leaves and shoots of the plant are used in the preparation of decoction for the treatment of urolithiasis. To do this, collect the shoots of the plant during its flowering period, pour a glass of water, add leaves and beans, and then boil for 10 minutes. Leave for half an hour and drink the filtered 2 drink in tablespoons several times a day. The course lasts from 2 to 3 weeks.
Of course, neither the culinary schools, nor traditional and traditional medicine have fully studied all the facts about peas, but this product occupies a significant place among legumes.
