How to grow onion sets?

One of the most popular products on our table is onions. Soup, salad, frying, pies, barbecue – all these dishes are prepared using a fragrant vegetable. Onions are not difficult to grow on your site in various ways, but most people still purchase seed material from retail outlets.

A convenient time for planting sevka in the middle lane is in early April or by the end of the month. It is on these days that the earth warms up to the desired temperature, it has moisture left after the snow has melted. Given all the climatic features of different regions, we can say that the landing time may vary.

Many gardeners are accustomed to focusing on the lunar calendar: here planting dates change every year. But usually the soil should warm up to 10 degrees, the future vegetable is not afraid of return frosts.

Sometimes chernushka is sown at the first frost. Most often, the soil becomes hard and cold. It is not necessary to pre-soak the seeds, they are sown dry. But it is better to take more seed material for safety net. For the winter, the bed is covered with rotted leaves or dry humus.

In the more northern regions, experienced gardeners grow crops using the seedling method. The heads are larger, and accordingly, the nigella is larger. The issue of space saving is also solved. With the seedling method, fewer seeds are planted. When harvesting, summer residents save their time and energy.

The volume of the future harvest depends on the quality of the material. Therefore, its preparation should be approached with all responsibility.. Before planting, planting material should be carefully sorted out.

Purchased material, as a rule, goes through the entire preparation procedure, but homemade seeds must be prepared. As a disease prevention and for better germination, it is recommended to wrap the future onion in a canvas bag and send it to water heated to 50 degrees for a quarter of an hour, and then cold for a couple of minutes.

At the second step, you need to prepare a solution from a liter of water and two tablespoons of ash, send the bag for 12 hours. You need to sow the nigella after two days.

For seeds, it is preferable to choose a dry and open area. Among the neighboring vegetable crops, it is recommended to choose radish, cucumber, cabbage. And good predecessors are tomatoes, pumpkin, cereals, potatoes. Root crops and garlic are unfriendly to onions. Beginners should be aware that two consecutive seasons in the same place cannot be sown.

The bed is best prepared with the onset of autumn. Humus is added to the selected place in the proportions of half a bucket per square meter. A glass of ash is added from fertilizers, a tablespoon of nitroammophoska and superphosphate. There is another option: sowing mustard in this area. So you can get rid of the onion fly, enrich the soil with nutrients.

Luchok loves alkaline sandstone and loam. If the soil is acidic, then chalk or lime is best to reduce acidity.

A couple of days before planting, it is necessary to dig up the onion bed to a depth of 12 centimeters. After the soil needs to be compacted, moistened with water heated to 50 degrees, with the addition of “Humisol”, “Urgas” or “Tamir”.

If possible, it is best to grow your own planting material. Seed germination will be better, nigella will be resistant to diseases, and it is stored more reliably. To get a good harvest, we advise you to select high-quality uterine material. This work is carried out in several steps.

• From all ripe heads it is necessary to select uniform, even seeds of medium size. Dimensions depend on the variety, but the optimal size is 2-9 centimeters in diameter.
• Discard damaged, moldy, damp or rotten specimens immediately.
• It is best to store the material in a warm, dry place for at least three months. So the seeds can grow scales.
• Before storage, the nigella is warmed at a temperature of plus 40 degrees for up to 8 hours. This procedure will protect crops from infectious diseases.

Now there is a fairly large assortment of seeds. It all depends on preferences, as well as the landing area. Some summer residents like to sow huge bulbs Exhibition, which turn into a turnip in a season.

Among the early varieties are the following: “Halcedon”, “Centaur”, “Odincovec”, “Shaman”, “Olina”. Among winter varieties, the optimal ones are “Argo Podzimny”, “Siberian Annual”. Everyone has loved it for a long time “Centurion”, “Stuttgarten Riesen”.

The procedures for sowing winter and spring onions are no different from each other, except for the moment that the culture is mulched before winter. Landing methods are as follows:

Each of the methods has its own nuances. Let’s consider them in more detail.

In traditional planting, nigella is planted in rows remotely, 1,5 centimeters apart. If the oatmeal is large, then the distance can be increased to 2,5 cm.

Between the beds it is better to leave a gap of 25 centimeters. When processing the future crop with a walk-behind tractor, it is recommended to increase the distance to 65 centimeters with a groove depth of 5 centimeters.

At the end of the planting work, it is good to powder the ridges with ash: it will play the role of a fertilizer, a disinfecting powder.

It is also called the Chinese way. The culture is sown on an uneven area – on small ridges. Next, we scatter everything in the formed rows, while raking up small mounds with our hands or a garden tool. The distance from each subsequent row should be at least 30 centimeters. Watering at the initial stage is considered a mandatory procedure. This method is convenient in that it is more convenient to process the bed, and the soil remains loose for a long time.

In both the first and second cases, it is not recommended to sow seeds often, otherwise the onion will not grow quite large by the end of summer.

Growing onion sets is not that difficult. Even beginners can get a decent harvest. It is recommended to care for the vegetable throughout the entire time: from planting to harvesting. It is worth following some tips.

After the first shoots have appeared, it is necessary to thin out your planting material. Subject to all the recommendations, delicate thin feathers appear after a couple of weeks.

Outdoor cultivation requires gardeners to feed the future crop. Organics are needed to saturate the soil with nutrients, and mineral fertilizers are applied directly to obtain a rich harvest. Fertilize better in the evening.

After fertilization, the next watering is planned a day later. Here is a step-by-step technology for applying dressings:

• ammonium nitrate – the first application a month after the first feather emerges (12 g per sq. M), the second application – at the stage of turnip formation (6 g per sq. M);
• superphosphate – the terms are the same, but the dosage for the first and second times is 10 g per square meter. m;
• potassium salt – at similar times, the proportions should not exceed 10 g per square meter. m;
• organic matter (chicken manure, mullein, ash) is added during the formation of the bulb at the rate of 1,5 liters of the mixture mixed with water (1:6).

If it turned out to be a hot summer, then the beds must be watered daily until the tenth of July at the rate of 20 liters of water per square meter. It is better to pour water in small portions, waiting for the liquid from the previous watering can to soak into the soil. Only then can the soil be moistened by 20 centimeters.

But do not be zealous in watering. Excessive moisture will cause the turnip not to be stored, it will rot. If the summer is rainy, then it is recommended to install an arch with a film coating over the onion bed. Optimal watering under normal weather conditions is twice a week.

The culture grows well in airy, oxygen-enriched soil. Loosening should be done every two weeks during the entire period of growth and formation. But do not forget that when draining the soil on the turnip, you do not need to pour the soil.

The collection of the finished turnip begins after the feather turns yellow, and the upper part lies on the bed. It is important to withstand this moment, otherwise there will be problems with storage. Estimated harvest time is early August. The finished bulb is easy to pull out of the ground, clean from the remnants of the soil. After the turnip is dried in a draft for two hours.

After a couple of hours, the vegetable is sorted, cleaned of green mass. It is best to store in a cool, controlling temperature. The temperature should be between 0 and +3 degrees. There should be no minus marks in the room. It can be a basement or a cellar, a dry box. During storage in the apartment, the temperature should not exceed plus 18 degrees. Temperature fluctuations will lead to shooting.

Before storing, it is best to treat the crop with one percent Bordeaux liquid.

But not everything always goes well. Sometimes the culture is affected by diseases. It all depends on the specific weather, soil, seed material.

Here are the most common onion diseases.

• Mučnistaâ rosa – oval spots on the feathers, turning into a purple color. The plant gradually begins to fade.
• moldy rot causes a yellow coating on feathers that descends on the turnip. As a result, the crop begins to rot on the vine.
• With neck rot the onion becomes watery, has an unpleasant odor and, as a result, is not suitable for food.
• Rust looks like small brown pads that are attached to the green part. As a result, growth stops.
• Onion Mite penetrates into the middle of the pen, infects the plant. Such a bow is not subject to storage.
• Lukovaâ flies penetrates into the emerging vegetable, contributes to its decay.

Growing onion sets from chickweed is easy. But to get a healthy harvest, you should use the recommendations given in the article.