Yadda za a kiwo cikakken madara maye gurbin maruƙa?

Lokacin kiwon shanu, daidaitaccen ciyarwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci musamman don samar da cikakken abinci ga maruƙa, wanda aka kafa harsashin haɓaka da kiwon lafiya na gaba a farkon watanni na rayuwa. Kuma taimako mai kyau a cikin wannan yanayin zai kasance mai maye gurbin madara (WMS), wanda ke ƙara karuwa a tsakanin manoma na gida da na waje.

Ciyar da maruƙa tare da maye gurbin madara gabaɗaya

Menene WCM?

Mai maye gurbin madara don maruƙa sune gauraye na musamman waɗanda ake amfani da su don kitso matasa dabbobi masu zuwa watanni 2,5-3. A wannan lokacin, mafi yawan aiki girma da ci gaban maraƙi yana faruwa. Yawansa na iya girma da sau 3 ko ma 4 idan aka kwatanta da na asali. A dabi’a, irin wannan haɓaka mai kaifi yana buƙatar ci gaba da amfani da isasshen adadin furotin, carbohydrates, fats, bitamin da ma’adanai. Kuma mafi kyawun rabo na duk waɗannan abubuwa shine madara.

Amma a gonakin kiwo, yana da tsada don ciyar da dabbobin yara da kayan kiwo guda ɗaya kawai. A gaban adadi mai yawa na maruƙa, wannan na iya haifar da hasara mai tsanani. A cikin irin wannan yanayi ne ake amfani da mai maye gurbin madara, wanda dangane da farashinsa, ya fi arha fiye da cikakken madara, amma bai gaza shi ba wajen sinadirai.

Nau’ukan

Ya zuwa yau, akwai da yawa shigo da kuma Rasha masana’antun na madara maye. Kowannen su yana ɗaukar abubuwan da ke tattare da abincin da kuma abubuwan amfani da shi. Dangane da irin waɗannan lokutan, ana iya bambanta nau’ikan maye gurbin madara da yawa a lokaci ɗaya. Don haka, daidai da daidaito na cakuda ƙãre ya fito fili:

1. busassun foda. Su nau’in nau’in juzu’i ne, kama da gari a zahiri. Don amfani da irin wannan abincin, an diluted da ruwa mai dumi ko whey a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 8. Yana da tsawon rayuwar rayuwa.
2. maida hankali madadin. Suna da kusan kamanni iri ɗaya da busassun taro, amma suna buƙatar dilution da ƙarancin ruwa.
3. kallon ruwa. Wannan nau’i shine bayani na busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun abubuwa a cikin nau’i. Irin wannan shayarwa ana adana shi ba fiye da kwana ɗaya ba, wanda ke damun isar da abinci zuwa gonaki, amma a lokaci guda ana sayar da shi a shirye, wanda ke sauƙaƙe hanyar yin amfani da shi gaba ɗaya ya kawar da tsarin shirya abinci.

Mai maye gurbin madara ga maruƙa

Daga cikin su, saboda yiwuwar ajiya na dogon lokaci, busassun foda ya kasance mafi mashahuri.

Magana. Kowane mai kera yana da nau’ikan gaurayawar da ya bambanta a cikin abin da suke ciki. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an nuna shi akan marufi na samfurin. Mafi sau da yawa zaka iya samun maye gurbin madara tare da mai abun ciki na 10%, 12%, 15% da 20%.

Abun ciki

Jerin abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin abubuwan maye gurbin madara don maruƙa sun bambanta ga kowane masana’anta. Kayan aiki na musamman suna lura da tsananin kiyaye daidaitattun daidaito da tsarin shirya irin wannan abinci. Sai kawai a cikin wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a cimma iyakar kamanni na samfurin ƙarshe tare da madara na gaske.

Babban abubuwan da ke maye gurbin madara a mafi yawan lokuta sune kamar haka:

• musamman bushe whey ko baya;
• datti da aka samu a cikin tsarin sarrafa abubuwan da aka tattara;
• kayan lambu da kitsen dabba;
• ma’adinai kari da bitamin a cikin nau’i na premixes.

A cikin mafi tsada iri irin wannan kitse, da abun da ke ciki ya hada da qwai, kwai foda, alkama gari. Saboda gaskiyar cewa kitsen da aka haɗa a cikin maye gurbin madara yana da sauri oxidized, cakuda kuma ana adana shi na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Sabili da haka, masana’antun da yawa suna gabatar da antioxidants na halitta a cikin tsarin su, wanda ke haɓaka rayuwar rayuwar samfurin.

Ana kuma ƙara amintattun magungunan kashe qwari a madadin kowane mutum a yayin aikin samarwa, waɗanda aka tsara don rage haɗarin dabbobin ƙanana. Hakanan zasu iya haɗawa da probiotics da prebiotics, waɗanda ake amfani dasu don hanawa da daidaita aikin gastrointestinal tract.

Yawancin lokaci, a matsayin ƙarin tushen furotin, ban da busassun kayan kiwo, an gabatar da tsaba na peas, waken soya da flax a cikin abun da ke ciki. Ƙara, za ku iya samun girke-girke tare da taliya da ruwan alfalfa. Halin maye gurbin cikakken kayan kiwo a cikin maye gurbin madara tare da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na tsire-tsire yana ƙara karuwa. Yana ba ka damar rage farashin samarwa, amma zaka iya ba wa jariri irin wannan abinci ba a baya fiye da makonni 2 daga calving.

Cikakken madara mai maye gurbin maruƙa

Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin wasu nau’o’in za ku iya samun ƙarin abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba, daga cikinsu sun bambanta:

• jini na dabba na musamman;
• daban-daban datti;
• sapropel.

Suna ƙunshe a cikin ƙananan ƙididdiga, amma suna iya ƙara yawan darajar ma’adinai na maye gurbin madara.

Ka’idoji na maye gurbin madara don maruƙa

Canja wurin maruƙa zuwa masu maye gurbin madara za a iya aiwatar da su a ranar 10th na rayuwarsu. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a bi ka’idodin ciyar da dabbobin matasa da aka bayyana a cikin umarnin. Matsakaicin adadin da aka nuna zai ba da damar kaiwa matsakaicin haɓaka da ƙarfafa lafiyar jariran, kuma idan akwai sabani, duka wuce haddi da gazawar al’ada suna da haɗari.

Matsakaicin irin wannan abincin na iya bambanta dangane da abun da ke ciki da tsari, amma, matsakaicin ka’idoji don maruƙa sune kamar haka:

1. Ana ciyar da makonni 3 na farko na rayuwar jariri tare da maye gurbin a cikin adadin 2,3 lita. Matsakaicin dilution shine 1: 8.
2. A cikin makonni na huɗu da na biyar, ƙimar ta haura zuwa lita 3 ba tare da canza rabon busassun kwayoyin halitta da ruwa ba.
3. Lokacin ciyarwa na mako na shida, adadin ya kasance baya canzawa, kuma maida hankali ya canza ta 1:9.
4. Makonni masu zuwa, har zuwa 11, rabon ya canza zuwa 1:10 ba tare da ƙara yawan adadin abinci ba.

A cikin watanni 3, an cire maye gurbin madara gaba ɗaya daga abinci, yana canja wurin dabbobi zuwa cikakkiyar ciyarwa. A lokacin ciyarwa, maraƙi zai iya ci daga 28 zuwa 42 kilogiram na maye gurbin (foda ba tare da ruwa ba). Gabaɗaya, kilogiram 1,1 na foda yana daidai da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki zuwa lita 10 na madara gabaɗaya.

Yadda za a kiwo busassun madara maye?

Ba kamar gaurayawar ruwa da aka shirya ba, busassun gauraya dole ne a diluted da ruwa (ruwa ko whey) kafin yin hidima. Yawancin lokaci, a kan marufi na maye gurbin madara maraƙi akwai umarnin da ke nuna yadda za a tsarma samfurin, amma a kowane hali, wannan hanya tana da siffofi na yau da kullum wanda dole ne a bi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da abubuwa kamar haka:

• Ya kamata a wanke jita-jita da aka shirya cakuda sosai, kuma a ƙona su da ruwan zãfi;
• busassun taro yana diluted da ruwa kawai kafin yin hidima ga maruƙa, tun da minti 10 bayan haɗuwa da sauri ya fara rasa darajar abinci mai gina jiki;
• ya kamata a narkar da foda a cikin ruwa tare da zazzabi na digiri 50-60, yana motsa abun da ke ciki sosai don kada lumps ya kasance a ciki;
• kafin yin hidimar ɗan maraƙi, dole ne a yi la’akari da ruwa zuwa zafin jiki na digiri 37-38, tun da yake shi ne mafi kusa da zafin jiki na madarar da aka saki daga nono na saniya;
• tabbatar da kiyaye ainihin adadin da ya dace da shekarun jariri.

Cakuda ma’aunin zafin ruwa

Lokacin tare da zafin jiki na ruwa (serum) da aka yi amfani da shi don dilution dole ne a kiyaye shi musamman a hankali. Idan an saukar da shi a ƙasa da alamar digiri 50, wani ɓangare na abun da ke ciki ba zai narke ba kuma zai kasance a cikin nau’i na laka a kasa. Idan ka ɗaga zafin jiki sama da digiri 60, furotin da bitamin za su fara rushewa, wanda zai rage darajar sinadirai na abun da ke ciki.

Lokacin kiwo, ya kamata a bi ka’idodin masu zuwa: ga kowane lita na ruwa, aƙalla 110-120 g na busassun busassun an ƙara. Idan ka ƙara ƙasa da foda, to, abin sha zai zama ruwa mai yawa, jikin maraƙi zai gane shi a matsayin ruwa na yau da kullum kuma ya fada cikin rumen. A nan gaba, barbashi na maye gurbin madara da aka tara a ciki za su fara rot, haifar da yanayi mafi kyau ga ci gaban microflora pathogenic.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfani

Shahararrun masu maye gurbin madara yana karuwa. A lokaci guda kuma, yayin lura da aka gudanar yayin amfani da irin wannan kitse don maruƙa, an gano wasu fa’idodi da rashin amfani na samfurin. Daga cikin manyan abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin abun da ke ciki akwai:

• mafi kyawun ma’auni na ma’adanai, bitamin da abubuwan gina jiki, wanda ke tabbatar da ci gaban da ya dace da ci gaban matasa dabbobi;
• hanya mai sauƙi don shiri da amfani da abinci;
• ingancin amfani idan aka kwatanta da kitso tare da cikakken madarar saniya;
• keɓance haɗarin kamuwa da cuta a cikin jikin jariri, wanda galibi ana lura dashi lokacin ciyar da nono daga wata mara lafiya mai cutar;
• gagarumin karuwa a ci gaban matasa daidaikun mutane.

Tsarin shirye-shiryen maye gurbin ya zama mafi sauƙi idan an sayi mahaɗa na musamman don gonar. Irin waɗannan kayan aiki suna haɗuwa da abincin matasa dabbobi daidai da ainihin fasaha kuma a yanayin zafi mafi kyau.

Dangane da rashin amfanin wannan nau’in kitso, ana iya danganta su da waɗannan nuances:

• buƙatar shiri na farko na abinci kafin yin hidima;
• gajeriyar rayuwar abu;
• babban farashi na wasu nau’ikan gaurayawan;
• raguwar ɓarna na sunadaran, wanda ya haɗa da raguwar ƙimar sinadirai na asali na samfuran.

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, wasu ƙididdiga sun haɗa da jini da wasu sassa na asalin halitta. Wannan yana nuna ƙayyadaddun haɗari lokacin da ake kiwon yara kanana. Ya ta’allaka ne a kan cewa, tare da irin wannan barbashi, cututtuka daban-daban (cutar cutar sankarar bargo ko tarin fuka) da dabbar ta kamu da ita kafin a yanka ana iya kamuwa da su. Saboda haka, tare da ciyarwa, za ta iya zuwa dabbobin gida.

Mai haddasa cutar tarin fuka

Kammalawa

Duk da wasu kura-kurai, maye gurbin madara gabaɗaya hanya ce mai kyau ga cikakkiyar ciyar da maraƙi da nono saniya. Irin waɗannan gaurayawan kusan gaba ɗaya sun rufe buƙatar haɓakar kwayoyin halitta don abubuwan gina jiki, bitamin, ma’adanai da makamashi, kuma sun daidaita daidai a matakin samarwa. A sakamakon haka, wannan abincin yana ba da farashi mai sauƙi, amma yana ba ku damar samun lafiyar dabbobi masu kyau da kuma yawan aiki.