Tashin saniya

FMD a cikin shanu cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da cuta. Yana haifar da babbar illa ga gonaki, saboda yana yaduwa cikin sauri kuma yana haifar da mutuwar kananan dabbobi, raguwar nauyin rayuwa da yawan amfanin nono. Cutar ƙafa da baki na iya shafar ba kawai dabbobi ba, har ma da mutane. Wannan labarin zai gaya muku game da wakili mai cutar da cutar, game da alamun kamuwa da cuta a cikin shanu, game da hanyoyin magani da matakan rigakafi.

FMD cuta

Menene ciwon ƙafa da baki a cikin shanu?

Ana haifar da wannan cuta ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta mai ɗauke da RNA na dangin Picornaviridae da kuma Aphthovirus. Ana watsa shi ta hanyar iska da hanyoyin abinci. Samun kan mucosa da fata na dabbobi, yana shiga cikin jini ba gaba ɗaya ba, amma a wani ɓangare. Na farko, yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta sun ta’allaka ne a wuraren gabatarwa, a cikin ƙwayoyin epithelial. A cikin su ne ƙwayoyin cuta ke haɓaka. Bayan wani lokaci, farkon aphthae, foci na kumburi, fara bayyana a can. A cikin shanu, an gano su a kan mucous membrane na baki, hanci, da kuma fata na extremities.

Ci gaba da ci gaban cutar yana ci gaba da sauri. A cikin yini guda, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin jini da lymph yana ƙaruwa sosai, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa gaba ɗaya a yanayin dabba. Saniya tana tasowa zazzabi, yawancin aphthae na sakandare suna bayyana akan maƙarƙashiya. Har zuwa mafi girma, suna cikin rami na baka, hanci, nono, ratar interhoof da kan corolla. Hatsarin ya ta’allaka ne da cewa kwayar cutar ba kawai gabobin jikin dabbar da ake iya gani ba ne, har ma da wadanda ke boye daga idanun mutum, kamar su zuciya, ciki da sauran gabobin. Akwai nau’o’i daban-daban na yanayin cutar:

A cikin yanayi mara kyau, farfadowa yakan faru a cikin kwanaki 10. Mummunan nau’in yana da mutuwa a mafi yawan lokuta saboda kama zuciya a cikin saniya.

Cutar tana kaiwa ga kamawar zuciya

Alamomin kamuwa da cutar ƙafa da baki

Binciken farko na cutar ƙafa da baki yana da matukar mahimmanci, amma a mafi yawan lokuta cutar ba ta lura da cutar ba a farkon matakin manoma, tunda hoton asibiti yana da duhu sosai a rana ta farko ko biyu. Saniya ba ta nuna damuwa, tana ci, tana da kyau, amma a lokaci guda, aphthae na farko sun riga sun kasance a wasu sassan jiki. Mafi yawan lokuta ana samun su a cikin baki, don haka ba a lura da su ba.

Alamun FMD sun bayyana a mataki na biyu na cutar, lokacin da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta kai kololuwarta. Yi la’akari da su:

1. Saniya ta fara zazzabi (zazzabi yana tashi sosai da digiri 1,5-2).
2. Yanayin yana tabarbarewa cikin sauri.
3. Dabbar ta ki ci.
4. Saboda maye, saniya ta yi rauni kuma ta kan shafe mafi yawan lokuta tana kwance.
5. Aphthae na biyu ya fara bayyana a baki, a cikin hanci, a kan nono, a kan corolla da kuma a cikin tsaka-tsakin rata.
6. Dabbar tana da yalwar salivation.
7. Wani kumfa mai kumbura ya taru a kusurwoyin baki, saniyar ta yi kamar za ta bugi lebbanta saboda ciwo da tarin gamji.
8. An rage yawan samar da madara.

Magana. Aphthae a farkon matakin cutar shine girman ƙaramin hatsi. A nan gaba, sun kasance suna karuwa kuma suna iya haɗuwa da juna, suna samar da babban nau’i na aphthous girman girman goro.

Yayin da cutar ta ci gaba, aphthae ya fashe, ana fitar da ruwa daga gare su. Abubuwan da aka buɗe suna jujjuya su zuwa ulcers. A wannan mataki, yuwuwar kamuwa da cutar kwayan cuta yana da yawa. A wannan yanayin, ana iya jinkirta dawowa har zuwa makonni uku saboda rikitarwa.

Ana bala’in ruwa

A cikin ƙananan dabbobi, hoton asibiti na cutar na iya zama daban-daban. Ciwon ƙafar ƙafa da baki a cikin maraƙi har zuwa watanni 2-3 a mafi yawan lokuta yana faruwa ba tare da aphthous ba, amma akwai alamun gastroenteritis.. Ƙananan dabbobin suna da wuyar jure wa kamuwa da cuta, idan ba a dauki matakan warkewa a cikin lokaci ba, maruƙan da suka kamu da cutar sun mutu.

Matsaloli

Tun da buɗaɗɗen ulcers a jikin dabba mai rauni yana da ƙasa mai kyau don gabatarwar ƙwayoyin cuta, FMD sau da yawa yana rikitarwa da wasu cututtuka:

1. Mastitis.
2. Corolla phlegmon.
3. Pododermatitis.
4. Endometritis.
5. Jade.
6. Bronchopneumonia.

Maganin rikitattun cututtukan ƙafa da baki yana nufin yaƙar ba kawai ƙwayar cuta ba, har ma da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Bincike

Don yin cikakken ganewar asali, likitan dabbobi ya kamata ya ware wasu cututtuka, irin su nau’in stomatitis, m catarrhal zazzabi da saniya. Bayyanar wadannan cututtuka suna kama da cutar ƙafa da baki. Yana sauƙaƙe gano cutar shan biomaterial don binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje:

1. jini.
2. Saliba.
3. Abun ciki bayan.

Nazari a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje

Ya kamata a sanya samfuran halitta a cikin capsules masu hatimi, daskararre ko a adana su daidai da umarnin tashar annoba. Ana gudanar da jigilar samfuran bisa ga matakan tsaro, tunda kwayar cutar FMD tana cikin nau’in ƙwayoyin cuta na babban haɗari.

Magani

Ana ba da maganin cutar ƙafa da baki a cikin shanu tare da tantancewar farko. Nan da nan aka raba dabbar marar lafiya daga garken kuma a yi maganin ta a keɓe. Babban mahimmanci ga saniya mai rauni shine yanayin da ake kiyaye ta. Zuriyar ya zama mai laushi, mai tsabta, iska ya kamata ya zama sabo. Ana kiyaye paddock dumi. Idan akwai cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, ana ba da shawarar shan ruwa mai yawa. Wajibi ne a kula da tsabtar ruwa.

Yadda za a tsara yadda ya dace da abinci mai gina jiki na saniya mara lafiya? Tun da rami na baka da mucous membranes na gabobin ciki suna da matukar tasiri, ya kamata a canza menu sosai. Abincin ya haɗa da abinci mai laushi kawai – hay mai laushi, ciyawa mai ciyawa, mai magana da gari, silage mai inganci.

Jiyya na aphthous raunuka a cikin kogon baka

Dole ne a gurɓata kogon baki, nono da gaɓoɓin dabbar aƙalla sau biyu a rana don hana yaduwar aphthae da ƙari na kamuwa da cuta ta biyu. Don wannan, ana amfani da mafita:

• Acetic acid a wani taro na 2%.
• Furacillin – 0.5%.
• Potassium permanganate – 1%.

Margatsovka

Idan akwai mai yawa aphthous foci, yana da kyau a bi da su tare da maganin shafawa wanda ke dauke da magungunan kashe zafi, magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta da abubuwan warkar da raunuka. Kuna iya dafa shi da kanku. Ɗauki 70 g na vaseline, 20 g na man kifi, 2.5 g na novocaine foda, adadin anesthesin guda ɗaya da 5 g na jan karfe sulfate. Mix sinadaran sosai. Sa mai da sifofin aphthous a cikin saniya safe da yamma. Yin amfani da wannan kayan aiki yana ba ku damar rage zafi kuma yana inganta saurin farfadowa na kyallen takarda.

Sarrafa gabobi da nono

Har ila yau, ana buƙatar sarrafa kofaton shanu, saboda maƙarƙashiya kuma suna samuwa a kan fata na gabobin – a kan corolla da kuma a cikin tsaka-tsakin rata. Don hana kamuwa da kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, ana shafa sassan jikin dabbar a kullum tare da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da man kifi tare da kwalta, ana sha daidai gwargwado. Ana samun sakamako mai kyau bayan da aka kula da kofato tare da maganin formalin a maida hankali na 5%.

Idan nono kuma yana shafar aphthae, yakamata a kula dashi kullun. Don wannan nema:

• Emulsion tare da synthomycin.
• Tripoflavin maganin shafawa tare da novocaine.
• Maganin shafawa bisa Vaseline tare da propolis.

Me za a yi da ciwon ƙafa da baki mai tsanani?

Idan cutar ta yi tsanani kuma tana shafar zuciya, ana ba da shawarar ba mara lafiya saniya ruwan magani don guje wa wuce gona da iri. Shirya shi kamar haka. Tsarma a cikin gilashin 2 na ruwa 10 ml na valerian tincture, potassium bromide (6 grams), 15 ml na Lily tincture na kwari. Wannan adadin maganin ana baiwa dabbar ta sha a lokaci guda.

Tare da lalacewa mai yawa ga gabobin ciki, don kula da lafiyar dabba, sau da yawa ana ba da shawarar ciyar da mara lafiya tare da zuma. Idan saniya ba ta ci komai ba, sai a shigar da dusar fulawa a cikinta da taimakon bincike.

Magana. A farkon alamun kamuwa da FMD, yana da kyau a yi amfani da FMD immunolactone ko magani. Irin waɗannan kudade suna taimakawa wajen kunna garkuwar jikin dabba.

Rigakafi

Matakan rigakafin suna taimakawa wajen rage yawan abin da ya faru na FMD a gonaki. Sun hada da:

• Alurar rigakafin dabbobi.
• Kula da motsin dabbobi.
• Gabatar da keɓe masu tsauri lokacin da aka gano lokuta na cutar.

Alurar riga kafi

Alurar rigakafi ita ce hanya mafi inganci don hana FMD. Akwai alluran rigakafi daban-daban akan wannan cuta – marasa aiki, monovalent, bivalent, polyvalent. Ana gudanar da su ga dabbobi, suna mai da hankali kan takamaiman tsarin rigakafi. Ana fara samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafin cutar ƙafa da baki a jikin shanu a cikin ƴan kwanaki bayan allurar rigakafi kuma su kasance cikin jini har tsawon watanni 6-12.

Ciwon ƙafafu da baki cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa a cikin gonaki da gonakin da ke makwabtaka da ita. Yana yiwuwa a kare dabbobi daga gare ta tare da taimakon rigakafin rigakafin lokaci. A yau, ana sa ido sosai kan yanayin cututtukan cututtukan da ke cikin gonaki. Idan an gano cututtukan ƙafa-da-baki, ana ba da shawarar kawar da dabba mara lafiya. Idan an yi wa kowane saniya allurar rigakafi, za a keɓe dabba marar lafiya kuma a yi masa magani bisa tsarin da ya dace. Farfadowa yana zuwa da sauri kuma yana wucewa cikin sauƙi, lokacin da akwai ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙafa da baki a jikin saniya.

https://youtu.be/dnhhsyQFhwM