Tumaki Prekos

Nauyin tumaki na prekos yana cikin nau’in nama da ulu kuma dangi ne mai nisa na merino. Bayan bayyanarsa, an binne dabbobi musamman a yankin Ukraine, kuma daga baya prekos ya bazu zuwa wasu yankuna na Rasha. Wannan labarin zai gabatar da masu karatu ga halaye da bayanin tumaki prekos, magana game da abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani.

Prekos tumaki irin

Asalin

Masu shayarwa na Faransa ne suka haifar da Prekos a cikin karni na 19. An samo asali daga tumaki na merino rambouillet na gida, wanda aka ketare tare da wakilan nau’in nama na Leicester. Ba a kammala wannan aikin ba. A nan gaba, an ketare wakilai mafi kyau a Jamus tare da tumakin naman Jamus. Don haka ulun tumaki prekos ya bayyana. An amince da ka’idodinsa kawai a cikin 1929. Bayan ‘yan shekaru, an kawo dabbobin zuwa yammacin Ukraine daga kasashen Turai.

Bayyanar

Prekos yana da kyakkyawan bayyanar: jiki mara nauyi, faffadan ƙirji, ɗan gajeren wuya da babban kai, wanda aka rufe da wani ɗan gajeren gashi. Ewes na wannan nau’in suna polled, kuma raguna suna ƙaho a cikin 20-25% na lokuta.

Halayen iri:

• kashin baya yana da haske, amma mai karfi;
• baya da kirji suna da fadi, tare da haɓakar tsoka mai kyau;
• wuyansa yana da yawa, gajarta, ba tare da folds ba;
• kan yana da girma, maƙarƙashiya ba ta da gashi;
• auricles ne m;
• girman jiki ya kai 120 cm;
• kafafu suna da ƙarfi, ba tsayi, an rufe su da gashi har zuwa hocks, saita fadi;
• na sama na gabobi yana da nama;
• wutsiya karami ne, mai gashi;
• dogayen raguna, tsayi a bushe – 80 cm;
• Nauyin babban namiji ya kai 100-130 kg, kuma mata – 50-70 kg;
• tsawon fiber na ulu – 8 cm;
• launi na launin toka, madara, launin fata-fari, yayin da ƙananan ɓangaren gaɓoɓin ya zama fari.

Tumaki na Prekos suna da ƙarfi sosai, suna iya tafiya ba tare da gajiyawa ba a cikin filayen kiwo. Suna iya saurin daidaita yanayin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan dabbobin suna da halin ɗabi’a, amma suna jin kunya.

Tumakin Prekos suna da ƙarfi sosai

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da irin

Tumakin Prekos suna da daraja sosai ba don ulu kawai ba, har ma da wasu kyawawan halaye:

• halin tawali’u da natsuwa;
• saurin nauyi mai sauri – ƙimar yau da kullun na raguna shine 250-280 g;
• ingancin ulu;
• Fecundity na tumaki – daga mata 100 suna samun raguna 150;
• iya daidaitawa da yanayi daban-daban na tsare da yanayi.

Magana. Tsarin ulun ulu a cikin waɗannan dabbobi yana karkace, kuma yawancin ya fi 5000 zaruruwa a cikin cm2 na fata.

Tunkiya na Prekos, duk da kyawawan halaye masu yawa, suna da rashin amfani:

• yawan amfanin yau da kullun na ulu bayan sarrafa shi yana da ƙasa, yana da kashi 50%, kuma duk saboda ba dukkan sassan jikin dabba ke rufe da shi ba;
• iri-iri na clipping;
• rashin daidaito girma na zaruruwa a sassa daban-daban na jikin tumaki.

A cikin gonakin kiwo, ana ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kashe dabbobi. Waɗannan mutanen da ba su cika ka’idodin jinsi ba ba a yarda su yi aure ba. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ’yan raguna da suke ƙara nauyi a hankali, mutanen da ke da lahani, ciki har da al’aurar da ba ta ci gaba ba, da dabbobi masu raguwar ayyukan jima’i.

Yawan aiki

Nauyin tumaki na prekos yana nuna kyawawan dabi’u na yawan aiki duka a cikin shugabanci na ulu da nama. Naman waɗannan dabbobin suna da ɗanɗano mai kyau. Matashin ɗan rago yana da daraja musamman, ana samun shi daga raguna a cikin watanni 4-5. A wannan lokacin, dabbobi suna da lokaci don samun nauyin kilogiram 40. A wannan shekarun, yawan yanka nama ya wuce 58%.

Mutton

Tumakin Prekos suna da gashin gashi. Matsakaicin shear shekara-shekara daga rago shine 9 kg, daga tunkiya – 5 kg. Rashin lahani na wannan nau’in shine cewa gashin gashi ba ya rufe dukkan jikin dabbobi, sabili da haka, yawan raguwa na shekara-shekara yana wahala. Har ila yau, nau’in nau’in ulu yana rinjayar ƙima na ingancin kayan aiki. Wannan yana nufin cewa gashin suna da sashin giciye daban-daban, alal misali, a kan croup da bayan tumaki, gashin ya yi kauri, kuma ya fi girma a kirji da ciki.

Hankali! Prekos sune masu babban ulu mai inganci; dangane da aikinta, sun kasance na biyu bayan tumakin merino. Yawan amfanin yau da kullun na ulu bayan wankewa baya wuce 52% a cikin mata da 50% a cikin raguna.

Kulawa da abinci mai gina jiki

Prekos ba sa buƙatar sharuɗɗan tsarewa. A cikin lokacin dumi, koyaushe suna cikin iska mai daɗi – da safe da maraice suna kiwo a wurin kiwo, da tsakar rana – a ƙarƙashin rumfa. Idan yanayin ya yarda, ana iya yin kiwo duk shekara. A cikin wuraren da ke da sanyi, dabbobi suna buƙatar corral.

Hankali! Yanayin da ya dace a cikin garken tumaki yana sama da digiri +8. A cikin ɗakunan tumaki tare da zuriya, ma’aunin zafi da sanyio bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 17 ba.

Yana da mahimmanci a kula da kariyar dabbobi daga dampness da zane. Irin waɗannan yanayi suna da haɗari ga lafiyar yara dabbobi. Dakin yana sanye da bututun iska kuma yana ba da kwararar iska mai kyau. Ana canza kayan kwanciya na hay akai-akai a ciki. Ana kashe kayan aiki sau ɗaya a mako.

A lokacin rani, tumaki suna cin ciyawa a cikin makiyaya: wannan shine babban abincinsu. Kusan babu babban sutura a wannan lokacin ba sa buƙata. A cikin kaka, abincin dabbobi yana canzawa. Shiga ciki:

Ciyar a cikin abincin tumaki

• hatsi, wanda shine tushen furotin;
• cake, gurasa;
• tushen amfanin gona, kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa;
• silage.

Muhimmanci! Ya kamata a saka bitamin a cikin menu na tumaki don ƙara rigakafi. Ƙarin ma’adinai a cikin nau’i na lasa, kashi da abincin kifi, gishiri kuma ana buƙatar. Don inganta bayyanar da ingancin ulu, ana gabatar da raguna a cikin abincin abincin abincin da ke dauke da sulfur.

Kiwo

An bambanta tumakin Prekos ta hanyar haihuwa. A kowace shekara mace ɗaya tana kawo daga raguna 1 zuwa 2. Balaga yana faruwa da wuri, idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau’o’in, ta hanyar watanni 7-8, amma ana bada shawarar ba da tumaki bayan shekara guda.

Hankali! Mafi yawan shekarun tunkiya shine daga shekaru 2 zuwa 5, sannan yawan aiki ya ragu. A lokuta da yawa, ana amfani da mata masu kiwo har zuwa shekaru 9.

An haifi ‘yan raguna da nauyin jiki na 4,8-5 kg. Tare da ƙananan farashin abinci, suna girma cikin sauri saboda yawan yawan madarar mata. Nonon su yana da kitse da gina jiki. Tumakin Prekos uwaye ne nagari, suna nuna kulawar ‘ya’ya har zuwa yaye. Matsakaicin riba na raguna kowace rana yakan wuce 300 g, don haka wasu mutane sun riga sun sami kilogiram 4-5 a cikin watanni 35-40. Ya zuwa shekara daya, nauyin jikin samarin tunkiya da raguna shine kashi 90% na nauyin dabbobin manya.

Tumakin Prekos zuriyar Rambouillet da Leicester iri ne masu yawan gaske. Daga kakanninsu, sun gaji mafi kyawun fasali – kyawawan tufafi da tsarin tsarin jiki mai karfi. Duk da wasu gazawar nau’in, ana buƙata a gonakin Ukraine da Rasha.