Manyan cututtuka a cikin maraƙi

Lokacin kiwon shanu, ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kananan dabbobi, domin a kansu ne ci gaba da samar da amfanin kiwon lafiya, don haka, fa’idar tattalin arziki na tattalin arziki ya dogara. Kula da wannan nau’in dabbobi ya haɗa da ba kawai kulawa mai kyau ba, ciyarwa, amma har ma kariya daga abubuwan da ba su da kyau na waje, sakamakon abin da cututtuka daban-daban na maruƙa ke tasowa. Suna iya haifar da mutuwar shanu da yawa, don haka kowane manomi ya kamata ya iya gano alamun wata cuta da ba da agajin gaggawa ga dabbobi.

maraƙi mara lafiya

Babban nau’ikan cututtuka a cikin maruƙa

Har zuwa yau, a cikin magungunan dabbobi, akwai cututtuka da dama da ke faruwa a cikin maruƙa. Bugu da ƙari, don sauƙin karatu, duk an raba su zuwa wasu nau’i. Don haka, dangane da yanayin kamuwa da cuta a cikin jiki, ana rarrabe nau’ikan cututtuka masu zuwa:

• Na hanji. Yi la’akari da shan kashi na tsarin narkewa a cikin zuriya, sakamakon abin da aikin ciki da hanji ya lalace.
• Na numfashi. Cutar ta haifar da kumburi da tsarin necrotic a cikin gabobin numfashi.
• Cututtukan ido. Ya bayyana a cikin raunuka na conjunctiva ko cornea.
• Sauran cututtuka

Har ila yau, ya danganta da yanayi da kuma hanyar yaduwar cututtuka da matasan shanu ke fama da su, ana iya raba su zuwa:

• Mara yaduwa. Irin waɗannan cututtuka ba a yaɗa su ga wasu mutane ba, amma dangane da sakamakon su ba za su iya zama haɗari fiye da masu cin zarafi ba.
• Mai kamuwa da cuta. Suna da yanayin hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri ko haɓaka akan bangon ayyukan microflora na pathogenic. Da sauri yada zuwa ga kowane dabbobi.
• Parasitic. Dalilin cutar shine tsutsotsi daban-daban da sauran helminths da ke lalata jiki.

Flatworms a cikin maruƙa

Cututtuka marasa yaduwa

Mafi sau da yawa, irin wannan cututtuka na jarirai maruƙa da tsofaffin dabbobi suna tasowa a kan tushen rashin ingantaccen gidaje da yanayin ciyarwa. Ba a yada su zuwa ga wasu garke, amma suna iya haifar da mutuwar kananan dabbobi. Ganewa da maganin irin waɗannan cututtuka yana da rikitarwa ta gaskiyar cewa suna kama da alamun cututtuka da yawa masu kamuwa da cuta.

farar ciwon tsoka

Marukan da aka haifa sun fi kamuwa da cutar farar tsoka ko myopathy. Yana tasowa a kan bango na rikice-rikice na rayuwa a cikin jiki. A sakamakon haka, za a iya gano dystrophy, gajiya mai sauri, lalacewar zuciya da tsokoki na kwarangwal. Yawan mace-mace a cikin cutar ya fi 60%.

Hoton asibiti na cutar yana nuna:

• rauni;
• asarar ci;
• saurin gajiya;
• numfashi mara zurfi;
• pallor na mucous membranes.

Mai yiwuwa cutar na faruwa ne sakamakon karancin sinadarin selenium, bitamin da wasu amino acid. Jiyya ya dogara ne akan tocopherol, allurar selenium, trivitamin.

Rickets

Rickets suna tasowa a cikin maruƙa tare da rashin bitamin D a cikin jiki. A sakamakon haka, metabolism na ma’adinai a cikin kyallen takarda yana damuwa, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje mara kyau a cikin ƙwayar kasusuwa na kwarangwal. Hakanan ana shafar haɗin gwiwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa dabbar ba ta iya motsawa akai-akai, sau da yawa tana kwance, kuma a palpation yana amsawa sosai don taɓawa.

rickets maraƙi

Rickets yana bayyana ta hanyar alamomi masu zuwa:

• rashin ci;
• matsalolin hanji;
• curvature na gabobi da sauran sassan kwarangwal;
• sabon abu hali na baby (kokarin gnaw ta cikin ganuwar rumfa, lasa dabba mafi kusa).

Jiyya ta ƙunshi haskaka maraƙi da hasken UV, shigar da bitamin D cikin jiki, ciyar da alli, gishiri da abincin kashi. Rigakafin ya ƙunshi shan abubuwa iri ɗaya, amma a cikin ƙananan adadi.

Gastroenteritis

Irin wannan ciwon yana bayyana kansa a cikin mummunan ciki da hanji, tare da zawo mai tsanani. Yana tasowa lokacin amfani da abinci mara kyau da madara. Ana iya gano shi tare da canjin da ba daidai ba zuwa wasu nau’ikan ciyarwa.

Hoton asibiti yana bayyana ta hanyar zawo mai tsawo.

A matsayin magani, a ranar farko, ana maye gurbin madarar dabbobi da ruwan dumi mai gishiri. A rana ta biyu, an canza rabon ruwan gishiri da madara zuwa 1: 1. A rana ta uku, ana ƙara ruwa 4 na ruwa tare da gishiri zuwa 1 servings na madara. Don hana bushewa da rashin daidaituwa na gishiri, ana ciyar da maraƙi sau 5-6 a rana. A cikin layi daya, a matsayin wakili na fastening, an ba da jariri mai karfi shayi tare da gishiri (10% na jimlar yawan ruwa) da yolks kaza.

cutar bezoar

Irin wannan cuta ya haɗa da ci gaban matakai masu kumburi a cikin abomasum. Mafi sau da yawa yana tasowa a lokacin tsotsa da lokacin yaye. Abin da ke haifar da cutar shi ne ƙananan ƙullun ulu da ƙananan zaren abinci waɗanda ke zaune a cikin abomasum, suna rushe aikinta. Idan irin wannan kullin ya toshe hanji, dabbar ta mutu.

Autopsy saboda cutar bezoar

Bi da cutar:

• gajiya;
• rauni;
• faduwar ulu;
• kumburin ciki.

Don dalilai na magani, ana amfani da dabbar kwayoyi da ke inganta aikin tsarin narkewa. Har ila yau, ma’auni mai tasiri shine gabatarwar ma’adanai da bitamin a cikin abinci.

Tympany

Ana iya gano Tympania (kumburi) na rumen a cikin samari na shanu a sakamakon cin abinci mara kyau, da kuma lokacin sauye-sauyen canji zuwa sabon nau’in abinci. Mafi sau da yawa, yana shafar maruƙa na watanni 2.

Cutar tana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar haka:

• kumburi na gefen hagu;
• asarar ci;
• numfashi mai tauri.

Ana gudanar da jiyya ta hanyar ciyar da man kayan lambu na dabba (150 g), da madara mai sabo (0,5 l). A lokaci guda kuma suna shirya tafiya na tsawon rabin sa’o’i a cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri kuma suna tausa wurin da ya kumbura da hannu har sai gas ɗin da ya tara ya fito gaba ɗaya.

Rigakafin ya ƙunshi kiyaye dokokin kiwo da kuma kula da ingancin abinci.

Maraƙi a cikin makiyaya

Hernia

Ciwon cibiya yana tasowa a cikin ƙananan maruƙa bayan rashin girma na igiyar cibiya. Da kanta, wannan al’amari ba shi da illa a zahiri. Amma a cikin tsarin rayuwar dabba, ana iya keta hernia, wanda ke haifar da sakamako mara kyau:

• asarar ci;
• rashin motsin hanji na dogon lokaci;
• gaba ɗaya zalunci na dabba;
• zafi mai tsanani a yankin hernia.

Idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba, irin wannan cuta ta tasowa zuwa peritonitis kuma jaririn ya mutu. Don hana shi, aikin tiyata na gaggawa ya zama dole.

Cututtuka na maruƙa

Hankali! Cututtuka na yanayi mai yaduwa suna da haɗari musamman, yayin da suke saurin yaɗuwa zuwa duk dabbobi. Suna iya zama na yanayin hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri ko bayyana a kan bangon ci gaban microflora na pathogenic a cikin jiki.

Saboda haka, kowane nau’in ya ƙunshi tsarin jiyya na mutum ɗaya.

Colibacillosis (Escherichia coli)

Colibacillosis a cikin calves yana tasowa a farkon kwanakin rayuwa. Ana kuma kiransa farin gudawa. Irin wannan cuta a cikin dabba yana haifar da nau’in Escherichia coli na musamman. Sakamakon zawo mai tsanani, jikin kananan dabbobi yana raguwa da sauri, wanda ya kai ga mutuwarsa a cikin kwanaki 3-5. Alamun cutar sun fara bayyana a rana ta uku. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• rage yawan aiki da damuwa na gaba ɗaya;
• asarar ci;
• ƙara yawan zafin jiki;
• haske rawaya feces tare da jini najasa.

Kastorovoe man shanu

Ana maganin maraƙi ta hanyar shan shayi mai ƙarfi da man kasko mai yawa. Magungunan anticolibacillary na musamman, acidophilus kuma yana taimakawa. Tun da cutar na iya kasancewa tare da ciwo mai tsanani, an wajabta dabbar decoction na chamomile don bi da su.

Cryptosporidiosis

Cutar tana faruwa ne ta hanyar shigar da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta jikin dabbobi, wanda ake kira Cryptosporidiidae. Mafi yawan lokuta, mamayewa yana faruwa ne lokacin da shanu ke cunkushe a cikin rumbu masu datti. A wannan yanayin, pathogen yana cikin gida ba kawai a cikin hanji ba, har ma a cikin gabobin numfashi na dabba. Cutar a cikin fiye da rabin lokuta tana ƙarewa da mutuwa.

Alamun asibiti sun bayyana a rana ta uku. Manyan su ne:

• raunana;
• rage cin abinci;
• zawo mai tsanani;
• maraƙi kullum yana niƙa haƙora.

Kwas ɗin jiyya ya haɗa da maganin rigakafi da maganin alamomi. Irin wannan ciwo ba ya nufin yanayi na yau da kullum.

Cutar cututtuka na enteritis

Wannan cuta tana tasowa ne saboda shigar da wata cuta ta musamman. Maruƙan da abin ya shafa yana da shekaru mako ɗaya. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ta hanyar gurɓataccen abinci, madara, jita-jita, abubuwan kulawa. Ana iya gano sakamako mai kisa a cikin 10-50% na lokuta. A lokacin ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta, ƙwayoyin mucosa na hanji, ciki, da kuma kogon baki suna shafar. Mutuwa tana zuwa daga gajiya.

Coronavirus

Alamomi:

• zalunci da rauni;
• kumburi;
• ciwon baki;
• zawo mai tsanani tare da koren stools.

Ana yin rigakafin ta hanyar allurar rigakafi na shanun da aka haifa. Yaki da cutar kuma ya dogara ne akan amfani da magunguna na musamman da kuma alamun bayyanar cututtuka.

Paratyphoid

Ana haifar da shi ta hanyar Gertner’s wand, wanda ke shiga jiki daga jita-jita masu datti ko abinci. Mafi sau da yawa, mamayewa yana faruwa ne a kan tushen wata cuta ta farko a cikin jarirai maruƙa. Sakamakon kamuwa da cuta shine rashin lafiya na gastrointestinal tract. Sakamakon kisa yana da yawa.

Babban alamun sun haɗa da:

• rage cin abinci;
• zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa digiri 41;
• rauni;
• saurin numfashi;
• gudawa.

Ana yin maganin ta hanyar gabatar da maganin anti-paratyphoid, a cikin layi daya tare da inganta yanayin tsarewa da ingancin abinci.

Paratyphoid maraƙi

Pasteurellosis

Pasteurellosis a cikin shanu na iya faruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Yana kuma iya zama m ko na kullum. A lokuta masu tsanani, ƙananan dabbobi suna mutuwa a cikin kwanaki 2. Sau da yawa pasteurellosis yana haifar da ci gaban yawancin cututtuka na biyu a cikin dabba. Alamomin cutar sun hada da:

• tari;
• gajiya;
• tearfulness;
• kumburi daga cikin gidajen abinci;
• gudawa;
• zubar jini a cikin trachea.

Cutar tana da matukar wahalar ganowa.

Anaerobic dysentery

Marukan da aka haifa sun fi kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta. Ana kai farmaki ta hanyar ciyarwa da kuma lokacin haihuwa. Ana iya yin rikodin mutuwar maraƙi a cikin nau’i mai mahimmanci a cikin ‘yan sa’o’i bayan kamuwa da cuta. Babban alamun cutar shine zawo mai tsanani da gajiyawar jiki.

Baya ga canje-canje a cikin hanji, ciwon ciki yana haifar da edema na huhu da rashin aikin hanta. Idan an gano wata cuta a cikin jariri ɗaya, ana yi wa duk kananan dabbobi masu shekaru iri ɗaya rigakafin gaggawa.

Parasitic cututtuka na calves

Wannan nau’in cutar yana tasowa ne sakamakon mahimmancin aikin helminths a cikin jiki. Za su iya bazuwa cikin sauri a cikin dukan dabbobin, kuma samfuran da aka kashe na irin waɗannan dabbobin a yawancin lokuta ba za a iya amfani da su ba.

Skin gadfly

Gadfly fata wata kwaro ce ta musamman wacce ke iya yin kwai a karkashin fatar shanu. Bayan kwanaki 4, larvae suna fitowa daga gare su, suna tasowa a cikin ƙwayar subcutaneous a lokacin sanyi.

Bayyanar gadfly fata

Sakamakon irin wannan parasitism shine:

• saurin asarar dabbobi;
• yiwuwar rauni a cikin ƙoƙari na kawar da tsutsa;
• hadarin kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar ulcers.

Ana gudanar da magani tare da maganin kwari na musamman, wanda likitan dabbobi ya ba da izini kuma ya ba da shi.

Scabies

Wannan cuta a cikin maraƙi yana faruwa ne ta hanyar mite na scabies. Wannan kwayar cutar ta shiga karkashin fatar dabbar, inda a cikin rayuwarta takan haifar da kumburi da sakin guba. Cutar tana bayyana kanta tare da alamomi masu zuwa:

• asarar gashi a wuraren da aka shafa na fata;
• karuwa a cikin zafin jiki na dabba;
• samuwar shanu a wuraren shiga cikin kaska;
• maraƙi yakan yi ƙoƙari ya tsefe fata mai kumburi.

Kwarin, yana haɓakawa, yana iya yaduwa zuwa ga sauran mutane na dabbobin, kuma yana lalata fata a cikin fata. Ana yin magani ta hanyar magance wurare masu zafi tare da man shafawa na musamman.

Coccidiosis

Wakilin causative na coccidiosis shine nau’in eimeria na musamman. Ana yin su ne a cikin hanjin ɗan maraƙi, inda suke samun lokacin kiwo a wuraren kiwo na fadama. Har ila yau, yara kanana na iya kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar shan ruwa daga rijiyoyin da ba su da tushe, inda kwayar cutar ke tsirowa zuwa balagagge. A cikin kwanaki 21, cutar ta tasowa a hankali, bayan haka ta zama m. Idan jiki ya raunana, to, hanya mai mahimmanci na iya faruwa a baya.

Dabbobi na iya kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar shan…