Trichinosis a cikin aladu

Trichinosis yana daya daga cikin cututtuka na yau da kullum da ke shafar dabbobin daji da dabbobin gida. Helminths da ke haifar da wannan cuta suna jin dadi sosai a cikin jikin mutum, suna shiga ciki tare da naman alade mai cutar. Gano parasites yana da wahala. Idan an gano cutar, ya riga ya kasance a ƙarshen mataki. Abin da ya sa trichinosis alade yana buƙatar ƙarin hankali da rigakafi akai-akai.

Trichinosis na alade

Dalilai

Abubuwan da ke haifar da trichinosis sune roundworms, wanda masana kimiyya suka danganta ga jinsin Trichinella. Kwayoyin cututtuka guda biyu na yau da kullum sune Trichinella pseudospiralis da Trichinella spiralis. Har ila yau, kimiyyar zamani ta riga ta san game da parasites na wannan nau’in, wanda ya dace da ci gaba a cikin tsuntsayen daji da na gida.

Trichinosis cuta ce ta dabi’a. Akwai yuwuwar tushen kamuwa da cuta a cikin aladu na gida:

• tuntuɓar dabbobi masu shayarwa (boars, badgers, wolf, bears), waɗanda sune manyan masu ɗauke da cutar;
• saduwa ta kai tsaye ta hanyar kwari da ake ci yayin da ake kiwo;
• cin gawarwakin beraye, beraye, sauran beraye, ragowar abinci, danyen shara, cikin masu cutar, da dabbobin gida da aka yanka a baya.

Parasite larvae suna shiga cikin cikin alade a cikin nau’i mai ɓoye, bayan haka an lalata harsashi mai kariya kuma an fara ci gaba mai zurfi. Trichinella yana haifuwa a cikin duodenum. Haifuwa mai aiki yawanci yana farawa kwanaki 3-4 bayan cin naman alade. Tsawon kwanaki 45 na rayuwarta, wata mace Trichinella takan kwanta kusan tsutsa 2000.

Trichinella

Shaida

Abin takaici, gano lokaci na trichinosis ba koyaushe zai yiwu ba, tun da yawancin aladu wannan cuta yana faruwa ba tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka ba. Sai kawai tare da kamuwa da cuta mai ƙarfi, samfuran sharar gida na iya haifar da maye. A wannan yanayin, waɗannan alamun suna da halaye:

• ƙara yawan zafin jiki na tsoka;
• m stools;
• asarar nauyi mai tsanani;
• amai mai tsanani;
• ciwon tsoka (aladu ba su da aiki, suna kwance kuma suna shimfiɗa kafafu);
• wahalar numfashi;
• kumburi mai tsanani a cikin gabobi da wuyansa.

Cutar ba koyaushe take kaiwa ga mutuwa ba. Amma inganta “lafiya” na aladu ba yana nufin cewa sun kasance masu ɗaukar kaya ba. Bayan wata daya da rabi, jikin dabbar yana samar da kwayoyin rigakafi wadanda ke taimakawa wajen samar da rigakafi.

Larvae da suka shiga cikin jini daga tsarin gastrointestinal, kuma tare da shi a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka na dabba, an rufe su. Yanzu sun shirya don daidaitawa a cikin mai ɗaukar kaya na gaba. Bayan ‘yan watanni, an rufe capsules da lemun tsami. A cikin wannan nau’i, Trichinella na iya zama na kimanin shekaru 25, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yiwuwar sabon kamuwa da cuta yana da girma.

Bincike

A cikin aladu masu rai, ana bincika halayen rigakafi don gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi da aka riga aka kafa. Kyakkyawan amsa yana nuna cewa dabbar ta kamu da cutar aƙalla makonni 3-4.

Ƙara yawan masana kimiyya sun gane alkawarin enzyme immunoassay. A lokuta da ba kasafai ba, ana yin biopsy na guntun tsokar tsoka.

Trichinella a cikin tsokoki

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na gano cutar bayan mutuwa:

• trichinoscopy (mai tasiri ga mamayewa mai yawa da matsakaici);
• narkewar tsokoki a cikin ruwan ‘ya’yan itace na ciki na asalin wucin gadi (kashi na gano Trichinella yana da girma kamar yadda zai yiwu ko da a farkon matakin mamayewa).

Magana. Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa Trichinella larvae ba a taɓa samun su a cikin tsokoki na zuciya ba.

Magani

Tun da ganewar cutar a cikin dabba mai rai yana da matukar wahala, hanyoyin da yawancin likitocin dabbobi na zamani ke gane su ba su isa ba kuma ba su da kyau. Daga cikin magungunan da ke iya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta da aka gano a cikin hanji, da kuma wucewa matakin samar da capsule, akwai masu zuwa: mebendazole, thiabendazole, parbendazole, albendazole.

Akwai yuwuwar dakatar da trichinosis a matakin farko na kamuwa da cuta ko don share ƙwayar tsoka na dabbar da ta riga ta yi rashin lafiya daga ƙwayoyin cuta.

Magana. Hanyoyi masu tasiri na yaki da cutar a lokacin mafi yawan aiki na yaduwar Trichinella a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka (matakin ƙaura) ba su wanzu.

Rigakafi

Abincin dabbobi bai kamata ya haɗa da sharar gida mara zafi ba, da gawar dabbobi da na ƙasa. A wasu lokuta, damar kamuwa da cuta yana ƙaruwa a cikin yanayin kiwo na aladu kyauta a yankin gona ko ƙauyuka.

Ragewa na yau da kullun wajibi ne. Ya kamata a sanar da likitan dabbobi na gunduma game da bayyanar halayen halayen dabbobi.

A kona gawarwakin masu dako

Sai a kona gawawwakin masu dako ko a sarrafa su ta zama nama da abincin kashi. Ba za a amince da binne irin wadannan aladu ba saboda yuwuwar karnuka ko namun daji za su tono su su cinye su.

Don dalilai na rigakafi, duka a cikin tsire-tsire masu sarrafa nama da kuma a cikin gidaje, duk gawar naman alade dole ne a bincikar kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta na trichinosis.

Kammalawa

A yau, a matakin majalisa, an sanya dokar hana yankan aladu a yadi. Don waɗannan dalilai, yakamata a yi amfani da ɗaki na musamman. Dole ne a duba gawar dabbar da aka yanka sosai. Idan an gano larvae na Trichinella ko alamun su, ana ɗaukar naman bai dace da abinci ba kuma an lalata shi. Irin wannan tsauraran matakan shine saboda gaskiyar cewa irin wannan nau’in helminth yana tasowa daidai a cikin jikin alade da kuma cikin jikin mutum.

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