Siffofin girma da kuma kula da butternut kabewa

Butternut kabewa an san shi a kasuwa sama da shekaru 50, amma har yanzu bai rasa shahararsa ba. Yana da daraja ga m, kananan ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari, kyakkyawan dandano da ƙamshi bayyananne. Kuna iya koyo game da hanyoyin haɓakawa, magance matsalolin da suka kunno kai da kuma kula da iri-iri yayin karanta wannan labarin.

Kabewa Buttermat

Kabewa Butternut yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan

Butternut kabewa yana da bakin ciki fata

Asalin

Yana nufin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in halitta. Masana kimiyyar Amurka sun samu Butternut a cikin 60s na karnin da ya gabata ta hanyar ketare kabewar Afirka da Muscat. A yau al’adar ta yadu a Turai. Duk da thermophilicity, iri-iri ana samun nasarar girma ba kawai a cikin kudanci ba, har ma a cikin yankuna na arewa.

Bayani da halaye

Babban fasali su ne:

• Siffar Pear-dimbin yawa – oblong daga sama da kuma fadada zuwa kasa.
• Launi Dangane da matakin balaga, yana da launi mai laushi ko mai wadataccen orange-rawaya. A ciki akwai inuwa paler.
• Bush. Tsawon tsire-tsire na iya kaiwa mita 2.5. Ganyen suna da girma, kore.
• Ku ɗanɗani. Ruwan ruwan ‘ya’yan itace yana da ɗanɗano, tare da ƙamshi bayyananne da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kaɗan.

An gabatar da halaye a cikin tebur:

Nauyi, kg Lokacin girma, kwanakin ajiya, watanni Yawan aiki, kg a kowace murabba’in 1. Lokacin dasa shuki, watan Lokacin dasawa cikin ƙasa, watan Lokacin shuka iri a cikin ƙasa, watan 1,5-2,5 80-90 zuwa 6 15 5 5-6 6

Siffofin fasahar noma

Kuna iya samun girbi mai kyau na kabewa kawai idan kun bi wasu shawarwari.

Yanayi da shirye-shiryen gadaje

Me ya kamata mu yi:

• Zabi wuri. Ya kamata ya kasance a gefen kudu domin ƙasa ta yi dumi sosai. Ƙasa mai laushi zai yi kyau. Yana da kyau a dasa kabewa a bayan gida don kare amfanin gona daga iska mai ƙarfi.
• Shiri. A cikin kaka, suna tono ƙasa kuma suna takin ta da taki. Wata daya kafin shuka, ana zuba rabin guga na humus tare da kofuna 2 na ash kuma an rufe shi da fim. Kafin sauka, sun sake tono.
• Al’adu na farko. Gidan da dankali, albasa ko kabeji da ake amfani da su don girma ya dace.

Kada ka dasa kabewa a cikin ƙasa inda guna suke girma. Zai iya ƙunsar cututtuka da kwari masu cutar da tsire-tsire.

Shirye-shiryen iri

Wadanne ayyuka da za a yi:

• bushewa Tsawon wata guda, ajiye tsaba kusa da baturi ko murhu domin su yi dumi.
• Tsara Cire ƙananan tsaba marasa komai. Don yin wannan, cika gilashin da ruwa, zuba tsaba a ciki kuma cire masu iyo.
• Kariya. Don minti 30, tsoma tsaba a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate mai ƙananan hankali.
• Taurare. A nannade cikin rigar datti kuma a saka a cikin firiji na tsawon kwanaki 2-3.

Girma seedlings

Ta yaya hakan ke faruwa:

• Zaɓin iya aiki. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da tukwanen peat ko kofuna na filastik ɗaya.
• cakuda ƙasa. Cika kwantena tare da cakuda seedling da aka saya.
• Saukowa Yi rami mai zurfin 4-6 cm kuma sanya tsaba 2 a ciki.
• Kammalawa. Yayyafa tsaba da ƙasa. Jiƙa ƙasa tare da mai fesa. Rufe tare da fim na gaskiya. Cire shi lokacin da harbe suka bayyana.
• Zaɓi Bayan germination, tsunkule kashe mafi rauni sprout.

Kula da seedlings

Abin da ake bukata:

• Wurin da ya dace. Matsar da kwantena zuwa sil ɗin taga mai haske.
• Zazzabi. Rike tsakanin digiri 23-25 ​​har sai sprouts ya bayyana, sannan ƙasa zuwa 18-22.
• Danshi. Ruwa tare da ruwan zafin jiki yayin da ƙasa ta bushe.

Dasawa cikin ƙasa

Menene dokoki:

A arewa, ana dasa greenhouse.

Shuka a cikin bude ƙasa

A wannan yanayin, yana da kyau a yi ramuka a gaba, lokacin shirya ƙasa.

Tsari:

• yi ramuka a cikin ƙasa bisa ga makirci, kamar yadda lokacin dasa shuki seedlings game da zurfin 5 cm;
• shuka 2 tsaba;
• yayyafa da ƙasa, ruwa;
• a cikin yanayin sanyi ko iska – rufe da fim;
• bayan germination, cire sprouts na raunana shuka.

Wannan hanya ta dace da yankunan kudancin kawai.

Kulawa

Butternut yana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau.

Ruwa

Shawarwari:

• Yawanci. A cikin yankuna masu zafi, ana samar da shi har sau 4 a mako, idan yanayin ya fi sanyi, sau 1-2 na iya isa.
• Ruwa. Ya kamata ya kasance a dakin da zafin jiki, yana da kyau a dauki daidaita.
• Hanya. Ruwa da kabewa a ƙarƙashin tushen.
• Adadin Kimanin lita 5 a kowace kabewa.

Ba shi yiwuwa a ƙyale bushewar ƙasa da bushewar ruwa.

Sako da sako-sako

Ana samarwa kamar yadda weeds suka bayyana. Lokacin da aka kafa lashes, ya kamata a yi haka a hankali don kada ya lalata shuka. Yawancin lokaci ana aiwatar da weeding kafin watering, da sassauta – bayan.

Ciyarwa

Kuna buƙatar yin aƙalla miya guda 3 don kabewa:

• 1-iya. Lokacin dasa shi cikin ƙasa. Humus gauraye da ƙasa.
• 2-iya. Da zaran an samu ovaries. Mullein, diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1 zuwa 3.
• 3rd. Bayyanar ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Duk wani kwayoyin halitta.

Samuwar shrub

Ana bada shawara don tsunkule tsakiyar harbi da girma 2-3 lashes na gefe. Don sanya ‘ya’yan itace girma, bar fiye da 2 ovaries kowace lasha.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa

Daga cikin matsalolin da ka iya tasowa:

• Girma. Dajin yana buƙatar babban yanki. Zai fi kyau a saka trellis a kan shafin.
• Zazzabi. A cikin greenhouse da kuma a cikin lambu ya kamata a kiyaye a cikin 15-25 digiri. Ba tare da zafi ba, kabewa ba ya girma da kyau.

Kwari da cututtuka

Man shanu yana da haɗari musamman:

• Powdery mildew. Yana sa ganye ya bushe. Don rigakafin, fesa tare da maganin jan karfe sulfate (1%).
• Farar rube. Tsire-tsire suna rufe da fararen tabo waɗanda ke juya baki akan lokaci. Dole ne a yanke wuraren da abin ya shafa kuma a yayyafa shi da toka.
• Tushen rube. Yana nufin cututtukan fungal. Yana faruwa a lokacin da yanayin shayarwa bai cika ba sosai. Itacen ya fara rube daga tushen sa sannan ya mutu.
• Spider mite. Yana tsotsa ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ganyen, sannan a nannade su cikin mayafin cobwebs. A sakamakon haka, amfanin gona ya mutu. Fesa jiko tafarnuwa zai taimaka.
• Kankana kahon. Ciwon yakan sa ganyen su rube da murzawa. Yana farawa a gaban ciyawa a kan shafin, don haka ana ba da shawarar kula da kulawa ta musamman ga kawar da su akan lokaci. Hakanan yana da kyau a bi da kabewa tare da maganin sabulu mai laushi.

Girbi

Fasahar ita ce kamar haka:

• Lokaci. A watan Satumba, kafin farkon sanyi. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi rana mai dumi, rana.
• Hanya. Gyara da wuka mai kaifi, barin 5 cm na stalk.
• Adana. Ajiye kabewa a bushe, wuri mai sanyi.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfani

Daga cikin fa’idodin:

• Amfani. Itacen ya ƙunshi bitamin da yawa da abubuwa masu mahimmanci, don haka ana amfani da Butternut a cikin abincin abinci da na jarirai.
• Ku ɗanɗani halaye. Ana iya ci ta kowace hanya, ko da danye.
• saukaka. Kayan lambu suna da siraran fata masu sauƙin cirewa.
• Tsaba. Mai da hankali a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren kayan lambu, saman shine ɓangaren litattafan almara.
• Pollination. Tare da daidai samuwar kabewa bushes, ba sa bukatar wucin gadi pollination.

Ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine hankali. Ci gaban kabewa na iya zama mummunan tasiri ta rashin bin ka’idodin dasa shuki da canjin yanayin zafi.

Sharhi

Don ƙarin koyo game da kabewa Butternut, sake dubawa daga mutanen da suka riga sun girma irin wannan amfanin gona zasu taimaka:

Elena, mai shekaru 51. Na yi girma wannan iri-iri sama da shekaru 5. Muna da yanayi mai kyau da ƙasa mai kyau a yankin, don haka ban fuskanci wata matsala ba. Kabewa ƙanana ne, masu kyau kuma suna da daɗi sosai. Babban abu shine kula da kariyar kwari a gaba. Maria, mai shekaru 62. Dasa Butternut a karon farko a bara. Ya ɗauki ɗan firgita, amma ina matukar son sakamakon. Kabewa suna yin miya mai daɗi, hatsi da kuma casseroles. Ita kuwa jikar ta ci danye. Gennady, mai shekaru 59. Na yi shekaru da yawa a jere na dasa Butternut. Matata tana son wannan nau’in iri-iri sosai, ta ce yana da sauƙi da sauri don shiryawa. Kuma ina son rayuwar shiryayye, pumpkins na iya kwanta a cikin cellar har kusan lokacin rani.

Don samun girbi mai kyau na butternut kabewa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ya dace, shirya seedlings a cikin lokaci kuma kada ku manta game da kulawa mai kyau. Sai kawai idan an bi duk shawarwarin za ku iya shuka kayan lambu masu daɗi da lafiya.