Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsJasmine (Jasminum) belongs to the Olive family.

Homeland – tropical and subtropical regions of India, Africa and America. Jasmine is an evergreen or deciduous climbing shrub, or liana. The smooth stem is covered with trifoliate, pinnate, dark green leaves, 2,5-5 cm long. Large, regular-shaped flowers bloom at the ends of the branches. The average bush reaches 4,5 meters.

The jasmine flower has the following description: in the center there is a long corolla, similar to a narrow tube, inside which there are two thin threads that grow together and form a berry. It is a plant fruit that should not be used for food.

What jasmine looks like: photos, names, descriptions of species and varieties of indoor flower

Often, jasmine is associated with the Chubushnik shrub (Hortensia family). It has nothing to do with this plant, and their only similarity is the scent of flowers.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine flowers are star-shaped, white, pink, yellow in color, with a strong pleasant aroma. There are varieties of this plant that do not smell at all. Single flowers form inflorescences, which are lateral or umbellate, depending on the species.

Jasmine loves open areas and well-drained soil. In natural conditions, the plant has a life expectancy of up to 20 years.

Take a look at the photo of what a jasmine flower looks like, and its description matches the appearance:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

The bell-shaped flowers are usually white and form brushes.

An interesting fact is that the plant also has stamen pistils, however, due to the fact that they do not ripen at the same time, jasmine cannot self-pollinate. The plant is pollinated by insects, and the flowers, after pollination, turn into dark berries.

There are types of jasmine that do not bloom at all. On their branches there are miniature decorative leaves, and such specimens are used most often in landscape design.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

The jasmine genus has more than 300 species common in the tropics and subtropics, each of which is characterized by its appearance and care requirements. Few of them are used in indoor cultivation.

Take a look at the photo showing the types of indoor jasmine:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

How different their flowers can visually be: double and ordinary, large and small.

The most popular types:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine royal (J. geh) – large flowers (5-7 cm in diameter), odorless.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine sambac (J. sambac) – beautiful white flowers with a delicate pleasant aroma, climbing plant.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine large-flowered (J. grandiflorum) ‘.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Shrub jasmine (J. fruticans).

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine medicinal (J. officinale).

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine multiflorous (J. polyanthum).

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine primrose (J. primulinum) – odorless yellow semi-double flowers.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

The most popular indoor flower is royal jasmine… It is a strong vine with large, white flowers reaching 5 cm in circumference. It is noteworthy that the plant is almost odorless, which is very good for indoor cultivation. It blooms very profusely, mainly in winter. It is appreciated for its high decorative effect.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine multiflorous – indoor view, which can often be found in flower shops. It is an evergreen vine with flexible, thin branches that need extra support, feathery leaves and snow-white, fragrant flowers. The flowers, resembling stars, bloom from pale pink buds, are collected in carpal inflorescences of 20 pieces and have a strong aroma. It blooms in spring, but single flowers can appear throughout the year. The lifespan of this type of plant in an apartment can be 10 years.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Sambac Is an evergreen type of jasmine in the form of a shrub, reaching 3 meters in length. The plant does not produce seeds, but propagates by cuttings or other methods of asexual reproduction. Flowering is long and plentiful, can last from May to October. Jasmine sambac can overwinter at room temperature.

Several varieties of this type of jasmine can be found on sale, and the most popular are:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine “Maiden of Orleans” – flowers of five or more oval petals, arranged in one row.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine “Beauty of India” – elongated petals are arranged in one or two layers.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine “Grand Duke of Tuscany”.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine “Arabian Knights”.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine “Mali Mat”.

Take a look at the photo and description of the most luxurious jasmine variety, the Grand Duke of Tuscany:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Its double flowers reach 5 cm in diameter, visually they look like roses or peonies. It is a slow growing variety, and with regular pruning it is easy to shape the flower into the desired shape.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Among the indoor jasmine sambac species, the Arabian Knights variety is known. It is very similar to the Grand Duke of Tuscany, but differs in smaller flowers, reaching 2-3 cm. This is an ideal houseplant that blooms almost all year round, and is completely unpretentious in terms of keeping conditions.

Take a look at the photo depicting the Arabian Knights jasmine variety:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Due to the fact that the petals are arranged in two layers, the plant looks very elegant and spectacular.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Another extraordinary shrub is a new variety of jasmine Mali Chat… This variety is characterized by multi-level triple flowers, which can be either white or pink. The shape of the flower is called “garland”. This jasmine grows very slowly, is unpretentious to care, it can develop on a sunny window, but it feels good even in partial shade. The apartment can be shaped with a bush or grown with a vine.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine large-flowered – a tall liana with bare shoots, which in nature reaches 10 meters. It has feathery, opposite leaves with a pointed edge. It blooms profusely from June to October, releasing umbellate inflorescences, in which 10 fragrant snow-white flowers are collected.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Shrub jasmine – an upright bush, reaching 1,5 m in height. It has flexible green shoots, thin branches and narrowly elliptical blunted leaves, paired in two. Platinum plate is glossy, dark green above, lighter below. The flowers are bright yellow, collected in inflorescences of 5 pieces. Flowering begins: late August.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine primrose – a fast-growing plant with thin shoots that need support. It blooms in late spring – early summer with large, yellow flowers that practically do not smell. The flowers of this type of jasmine look like primrose (primrose), hence the name.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine officinalis – climbing species, endowed with thin, long branches. The leaf plates are glossy, arranged in pairs. Fragrant, white flowers grow on slender pedicels.

Take a look at the photo with some types of jasmine with their names:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

This elegant flower deservedly enjoys the love and attention of amateur flower growers.

Growing conditions and proper care for a jasmine houseplant

An ampel plant is great for growing in winter gardens or in an apartment. Its advantage is that it can bloom in winter when most flowers are dormant.

At home, the following types of jasmine flower are most often grown:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine Sambac.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine is holoflower.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine is multiflorous.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine is medicinal.

Due to their decorative appearance, delicate aroma and long flowering, these species have won their popularity among flower growers.

The plant is quite capricious and can die even with excellent care. Therefore, it is extremely important to withstand the basic conditions for growing jasmine:

  1. Illumination.
  2. Temperature regime.
  3. Air humidity.
  4. Watering and spraying.
  5. Application of fertilizers.
  6. Pruning.
  7. Transfer.
  8. Bush formation.

To cultivate jasmine, a florist needs to have basic experience in floriculture, since it is not enough to grow a plant, it is important to achieve long flowering. Blooms from June to September. With good care, jasmine can bloom again in winter.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine is photophilous, tolerates direct sunlight, but prefers diffused lighting. On the south window, the flower needs to be shaded during the peak of the summer heat. If you put jasmine on the north window, then there is a risk that it will lose its decorative effect and will not bloom. If jasmine is dormant in winter, then it does not require additional illumination, and species blooming in winter need 10 hour daylight hours, so it is advisable to additionally illuminate the plants with lamps.

In a lighted room that is regularly ventilated, the indoor ornamental jasmine plant grows well, blooms for a long time and abundantly. With prolonged exposure to bright sunlight, the stems wither and the leaves dry.

When caring for indoor jasmine at home, use the tips below.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Best of all, this decorative flower grows and blooms at a temperature of 20-22 ° C in summer, but it also feels normal in the heat. On warm days, it is good to take it out into the open air, on a balcony or in a garden, but it should be protected from drafts. In the summer, be sure to regularly ventilate the room. In winter, the optimum temperature for almost all types of jasmine is 7-13 ° C. The upper mark may be higher, but then you will have to water and spray the plant more often. In addition, if you do not provide a low temperature in winter, then in the spring the plant will only let greens, and flowering may not occur.

Regardless of the season, the lowest temperature mark that a flower will tolerate is 8 degrees Celsius.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Look at the photo of how the home jasmine flower blooms, while maintaining the appropriate temperature in the room. It is important to consider that the plant does not tolerate drafts and sudden temperature jumps. With a sharp change of place to a lighter one, burns may appear on the leaves.

To care for indoor jasmine flowers, there must be humid air in the room. Low humidity is detrimental to the plant, it can provoke the appearance of pests and diseases, and disrupt flowering. Household humidifiers can be used. The plant responds well to spraying. If the room is dry, then the leaves should be sprayed daily, covering the flowers and buds from moisture. It is important to ensure that the water used for spraying is warm and settled. You can also put the flowerpot in a pallet with wet pebbles and remove it from the radiators.

During the period of growth and flowering, abundant watering with water at room temperature, slightly warmer than soil temperature, is necessary. In summer, homemade jasmine needs special care: the flower is watered 3-4 times a week, the soil mixture should be constantly moist, but not wet. With stagnant water, the root system quickly decays. In winter, during flowering, watering should be reduced to once every 4-5 days, but the soil should be kept slightly moist. When flowering stops, the soil only needs to be slightly moistened as it dries.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Jasmine shrubs need loose soil with a neutral pH value for planting and maintenance, which does not retain moisture. The best substrate is sod and leafy soil, peat (1: 1: 1), pH 5,8-6,5. You can use a ready-made earthen mixture for indoor roses. When planting on the bottom of the flowerpot, be sure to lay a thick layer of drainage.

From mid-spring to the end of August, the flower grows actively, therefore, when caring for indoor decorative jasmine, it must be fertilized regularly. This is done for healthy development and abundant flowering. Top dressing is carried out once every 10 – 15 days with full mineral fertilizers and once a month – with ready-made organic fertilizers. You can use complexes for flowering plants (potassium-phosphorus). Liquid top dressing can be added to the water for irrigation. After the end of the growing season, fertilizers are stopped until the next flowering.

The plant needs support and a garter. To grow jasmine and properly care for it, you can make a wire arc or use a ready-made plastic support. To one of the sides of the arc, you need to tilt the stem, carefully wrap it around the support and secure it with twine or a clip.

Pruning and transplanting a home jasmine shrub (with video)

The evergreen jasmine shrub requires pruning to form a beautiful, lush crown. The plant responds well to formative pruning, in addition, it is necessary to shorten the lateral shoots to restrain growth and abundant flowering. Every year, before the start of the growing season, all branches should be shortened by about half their length, too long weak shoots should be cut off completely. In a young plant, pinch the young tops once a month after the formation of 6-8 pairs of leaves – this stimulates branching.

Those types of jasmine that bloom in winter should be pruned in autumn, when they begin to grow actively. Species that are actively and rapidly growing should be pruned twice a year: before flowering and after the end of the growing season. Jasmine sambac can be subjected to this procedure even more often: as the crown grows, you need to shorten the branches and form a decorative bush.

Watch a detailed video on pruning jasmine.

Young plants need to be replanted annually. This is best done in the spring after flowering and pruning. A new flowerpot must be chosen a few centimeters wider and higher than the previous one. If you take a container that is too spacious, then the plant may stop developing the aerial part, and all the forces will go to building the root system. Jasmine loves to have almost the entire substrate filled with roots. In addition, in a pot that is too large, it is easy to overmoisten the soil, which can lead to acidification.

Look at the photo of how to transplant jasmine and read the description of the main steps:

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

For a transplant you need:

  1. Select a suitable container.
  2. Prepare a neutral or slightly acidic soil.
  3. Place a drainage layer on the bottom.
  4. Transfer the flower to a new pot with a lump of old soil.
  5. Fill the voids with new soil.

For planting and caring for ornamental shrubs with jasmine, a ready-made universal substrate for indoor plants is suitable, but you can also prepare the soil yourself from:

  1. Sod land.
  2. Peat
  3. Leafy land.
  4. Greenhouse land.

These components must be taken in equal proportions and added half as much sand.

It is necessary to transplant adult plants much less often, once every 3-4 years.

Reproduction of indoor jasmine flower by cuttings

You can buy an adult jasmine bush in the store, but if there is already one plant in the house, then you can propagate it yourself.

The most effective propagation of indoor decorative jasmine flower in two ways:

  1. Cuttings.
  2. Layers.

Of course, jasmine can be propagated by seeds, but there is a risk that the varietal qualities of the plant will be lost. This method is applicable only for the propagation of wild plants.

Homemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tipsHomemade jasmine: types and varieties, care tips

Cutting is the most productive way, but at the same time it is laborious and requires certain skills. Propagate jasmine by cuttings, best in spring. They take root in room temperature water and root well in sand. It is best to take annual cuttings: there will be a lot of them after annual pruning.

You need to follow these steps:

  1. Choose a mature, strong shoot.
  2. Cut off its top with two buds (10-15 cm).
  3. The cut must be done at an acute angle.
  4. Treat the cut with a biostimulator “Kornevin”.
  5. Plant the cuttings in wet sand.
  6. Cover with foil.
  7. Moisten the soil daily.

After about a month, when the roots appear, the plants need to be planted in separate plastic cups and placed in a bright place. Without the use of a stimulant, the rooting process can take longer, up to 2 months.

If there are no rooting phytohormones in the florist’s arsenal, then honey can be used to propagate the ornamental jasmine shrub. Dissolve one teaspoon of honey in water and keep the cuttings in it for a day, and then place them in the sand.

The substrate must be moistened daily so that the roots do not dry out. The use of transparent cups is very convenient in order to observe the development of the root system. When the whole space is braided with roots, you can transplant the flower into a larger pot (about 10 cm in diameter). Another indicator of successful rooting of the cuttings is the appearance of new leaves.

After transplanting the cuttings, the seedling must be looked after as an adult plant.

Reproduction of home shrub jasmine by layering

The second way to propagate a home jasmine flower is by layering. It is better to do this at the end of spring, when young growth appears. You need to prepare a pot with the same substrate as for rooting cuttings and place it next to the plant. Then a long thin shoot of the mother plant is selected. At the root of the shoot, you need to make several cuts on it with a sharp knife, then bend it to the soil, dig in, secure with a hairpin and cover with a film. The end of the shoot must be pinned in such a way that several leaf buds remain above the soil surface.

The layering must be looked after in this way: water and monitor the humidity of the air. After new leaves and roots appear on it, you can separate the layers from the mother bush with a pruner and take care of it like an independent adult jasmine. After a while, when the flower gets stronger, it can be transplanted into nutrient soil.

The secret from florists: bottom heating has a positive effect on the rooting of cuttings and cuttings, therefore it is better to place them on the windowsills above the radiators.

High-quality planting material is the key to obtaining a healthy flowering plant.

Anna Evans

Author-editor

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