Zucchini Zucchini Zukesha – farkon iri-iri na duniya manufa

Zucchini squash shine zucchini na farko na ripening wanda ke tsiro a cikin bushes kuma yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan a cikin lambun. Yawancin lambu suna son iri-iri don yawan amfanin ƙasa, ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu daɗi da kulawa mara kyau. Bayan dasa shuki, yakamata a shayar da shuka kuma a ciyar da shi akan lokaci don fara girbi a ƙarshen Yuni.

Zucchini zucchini

Tsukesha zucchini yana da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu laushi da dadi

Zucchini Zucchini Zukesha ba shi da ma’ana cikin kulawa

Bayani iri-iri

Irin wannan zucchini ya fito ne daga Ukraine, kuma an jera shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Nasarar Kiwo tun 1986. Ana ba da shawarar iri-iri don noma a duk yankuna tare da yanayin yanayi, kuma ya dace da duka greenhouse da yanayin budewa. Saboda haka, ana girma a ko’ina cikin Rasha – daga yankin Krasnodar zuwa Gabas mai Nisa. Wannan shi ne saboda halayensa, waɗanda aka gabatar a cikin tebur mai zuwa:

Bayanin Siga Lokacin Ripening Tsukesha zucchini na cikin nau’in farkon cikakke, don haka ana iya girbe ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko kwanaki 45-50 bayan germination. Idan kun shuka shi a cikin greenhouse, zaku iya samun ƙarin girbi da wuri. Halayen Shuka Wannan zucchini shine kambin daji ba tare da lashes ba, don haka yana girma sosai. Ko da a cikin ƙaramin yanki, zaku iya girma bushes 3-4 ba tare da nuna bambanci ga sauran amfanin gona ba, wanda ke nufin cewa za a sami isasshen ‘ya’yan itace duka biyun bazara da hunturu. Don fahimtar yadda shuka yake kama, kuna buƙatar la’akari da waɗannan fasalulluka:

• daji yana rufe da duhu kore ganye tare da launin toka-fari aibobi, waxanda suke da siffar Botanical na wannan iri-iri, kuma ba alamar cuta ba;
• farantin ganye yana da ƙarfi, amma ba a jin kashin baya;
• mai tushe guda ɗaya ne kuma gajere, baya yadawa tare da ƙasa kuma yana ɗaukar mafi ƙarancin sarari a cikin lambun;
• an kafa ovaries a ƙarƙashin fitarwa, wanda kuma yana taimakawa wajen ƙaddamar da daji;
• manyan furanni suna da launin rawaya mai haske, amma kusa da tushe suna samun inuwa mai haske;

Yana da mahimmanci cewa shuka ya samar da furanni bisexual, wato, namiji da mace, don haka pollination zai faru har ma da mummunan aiki na ƙudan zuma da sauran kwari masu pollinating.

Halayen ‘ya’yan itatuwa

• tsari – elongated cylindrical ko kulob-dimbin yawa, kunkuntar kusa da stalk;
• tsayi – 30-40 cm (a mataki na girma madara, ana iya cinye kayan lambu bayan ya kai 15 cm a tsayi);
• kauri – iri ɗaya a ko’ina kuma yana da kusan 12 cm;
• nauyi – a matsakaici har zuwa 900 g, ko da yake akwai samfurori masu nauyin 1 kg ko fiye;
• launi – canje-canje a lokacin girma, tun da farko ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu launin duhu kore ne, amma sai an rufe su da haske koren speckles kuma sun zama rawaya a lokacin balaga, ko da yake wasu samfurori suna samun tint orange;
• fata – bakin ciki da taushi, ko da a cikin balagagge ‘ya’yan itace, da santsi zuwa taba;
• nama – m da kuma dadi, fari tare da ɗan ƙaramin koren tint, yana da halayyar crunch lokacin danye, ba shi da ɓarna.

Iyalin ‘ya’yan itacen da amfanin su Zucchini yana da taushi da daɗi har ana iya cinye su ko da danye. A cikin ƙananan ganye 15-20 cm cikin girman, ba a samo tsaba ba tukuna, don haka lokacin yanke su, ba sa buƙatar tsaftace su daga ainihin.
Ana iya amfani da irin waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa a cikin shirye-shiryen jita-jita daban-daban har ma da gwangwani. Ana iya amfani da su a cikin abinci mai gina jiki, saboda suna da ƙananan adadin kuzari (23 kcal da 100 g). Bugu da ƙari, suna da amfani ga jikin manya da yara, saboda suna da wadata a cikin acid mai amfani (folic, malic, nicotinic) da abubuwan gano abubuwa (zinc, molybdenum, lithium, magnesium, calcium). Tsayawa ingancin Duk da gaskiyar cewa fatar zucchini yana da taushi, a lokaci guda yana da yawa. Godiya ga wannan, ana iya adana ‘ya’yan itatuwa har zuwa watanni 7 kuma ana jigilar su ta nisa mai nisa. Duk da haka, dole ne a tuna cewa bayan lokaci sun zama m, sun zama m kuma suna da wuyar kwasfa. Yawan aiki Daga murabba’in 1. m gadaje za a iya tattara daga 8 zuwa 12 kg ‘ya’yan itace. Mafi sau da yawa ka girbi, da karin sabon ovaries wani daji Forms, wanda zai gaskiya rinjayar da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Juriya ga cututtuka da kwari Zukesha squash yana da rigakafi mai kyau kuma wani lokaci kawai launin toka yana shafar shi. Cututtukan halayen wannan amfanin gona na kayan lambu suna bayyana ne kawai a cikin taron annoba. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, kwari ba su daɗe a kan bushes.

Hanyoyin saukarwa da kwanakin

A farkon maturing iri-iri na Tsukesha za a iya girma ta hanyoyi biyu:

• Seedling. Ya kamata a aiwatar da shuka bayan barazanar sabon sanyi ya wuce. A cikin yankunan da ke da yanayin yanayi, a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan lokacin ya fadi a kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu ko farkon Yuni. Babban abu shi ne cewa ƙasa tana dumi har zuwa zurfin 20 cm zuwa 15 ° C ko fiye. Don samun girbi na farko, ana iya shuka tsaba a cikin makonni 1-2 kafin jadawalin, duk da haka, a cikin wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar a rufe harbe da daddare tare da guga masu jujjuya, tukwane ko kwalabe na filastik 5-lita.
• tsiri. A wannan yanayin, ana iya shuka tsaba a cikin kwantena daban daga shekaru goma na ƙarshe na Afrilu zuwa farkon rabin Mayu. Gogaggen lambu suna yin hakan sau da yawa tare da tazara na kwanaki 4-5 don haɓaka lokacin ‘ya’yan itace.

Idan zucchini ya girma a cikin greenhouse ko a ƙarƙashin murfin fim, ana canza kwanakin shuka don tsaba a gaba ta makonni 2.

Lokacin zabar hanyar dasa shuki, ya kamata a tuna cewa Tsukesha squash da aka girma ta hanyar seedlings ana adana su da muni fiye da waɗanda samfuran da aka samo daga tsire-tsire waɗanda aka dasa daga tsaba da aka dasa kai tsaye cikin ƙasa.

Zaɓin wurin da shirye-shiryen

Ana iya shuka wannan kayan lambu a al’ada tare da shinge a gefen kudu ko kuma inda akwai wurin da ba shi da sauran amfanin gona. Babban abu shi ne cewa yana da rana kuma ba tare da ruwa ba (zai fi dacewa a kan tudu). Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a yi la’akari da juyawa amfanin gona. Ba za ku iya shuka Tsukesha ba bayan sauran wakilan dangin Suman da marigayi kabeji. Mafi kyawun magabata su ne:

• wake;
• baka;
• tafarnuwa;
• dankali;
• farkon kabeji.

Amma ga unguwa, a mafi kyau, yana da daraja ajiye masara a arewacin gefen zucchini, da wake tare da su da kuma tsakanin layuka, tun da sun tara nitrogen da ake bukata domin daji shuka a saman Layer na ƙasa.

Bayan zaɓar wurin da ya fi dacewa, za ku iya fara shirya ƙasa mai haske. Yana da kyau a yi haka a gaba – a cikin kaka na kakar da ta gabata. Ana buƙatar ƙasa a haƙa zuwa zurfin 35-50 cm, yin amfani da takin mai zuwa (a kowace sq. M):

• 5 kilogiram na humus;
• 20 g na potassium sulfate;
• 30 g superphosphate.

A watan Mayu ko a ƙarshen Afrilu, makonni 1-1,5 kafin dasa shuki zucchini, ya kamata a sassauta wurin da kyau kuma a saka kayan ado na sama tare da abun ciki na nitrogen a cikin adadin 10-15 g da 1 sq.

A cikin yankuna masu zafi, ana amfani da fasahar “gado mai dumi”. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar yin abubuwa masu zuwa:

1. Zuwa zurfin 50-60 cm kusa kusa da faɗuwar ganye, aske itace, sawdust, ƙananan rassan da sauran tarkace shuka. A ƙarshen kana buƙatar samun Layer guda ɗaya na 10 cm.
2. Rufe sakamakon da aka samu tare da ƙasa ko humus gauraye da abubuwan potassium da phosphorus.
3. Zuba dukan gado tare da bayani na taki dauke da nitrogen (20-25 g da 10 l), rufe da filastik kunsa kuma barin har sai bazara.

A kan irin wannan gado, ƙasa tana dumama da sauri, don haka ana iya girbe su makonni 1,5-2 a baya. Duk da haka, wannan fasaha yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci – bushes a cikin lambun sau da yawa suna “kitse” don cutar da ‘ya’yan itace, kuma a cikin yanayin rani na girgije, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna juya su zama sabo ne kuma suna raguwa.

Ana iya girma Tsukesha a cikin wuraren da aka haƙa da ciyawa, kuma a cikin ciyawa. Yayin da tsire-tsire ke samun ƙarfi, bai kamata a bar ciyawa ta nutsar da su ba. Koyaya, zucchini zai haɓaka bushes masu ƙarfi da sauri, girma manyan ganye kuma zai iya yaƙi da masu fafatawa da kansu.

Presowing iri shiri

Ko da kuwa hanyar girma zucchini, kwanaki 7-8 kafin shuka, dole ne a sarrafa tsaba don lalata da haɓaka haɓakarsu. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa:

1. Jiƙa tsaba na tsawon sa’o’i 12-16 a cikin wani bayani mai laushi na potassium permanganate, jiko ash na itace ko tushen stimulator. Daga kwayoyi, Epin, Emistim-M da Heteroauxin suna da tasiri, kuma daga magungunan jama’a – ruwan ‘ya’yan Aloe, succinic acid, maganin zuma. A lokaci guda tare da jiƙa, aiwatar da ƙin yarda. Za a buƙaci a jefar da tsaba mara amfani nan da nan, tunda ba za su ba da shuka ba.
2. Kunsa tsaba a cikin riga mai laushi (tawul, gauze) kuma sanya su a wuri mai dumi (+ 2 °) na kimanin kwanaki 5-22 don su girma. Za a iya shimfiɗa masana’anta a kan saucer kuma a saka a kan baturi ko wani na’urar dumama. Yayin da yake bushewa, dole ne a jika shi da ruwa mai laushi – narke, ruwan sama, bazara ko daidaita.

   Ruwan famfo na yau da kullun yana dauke da sinadarin chlorine, wanda ke da wahalar jurewa Tsukesha squash. Dangane da wannan, ba za a iya ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai ɗauke da potassium chloride ba.

3. Kafin dasa shuki, taurara tsaba – ajiye su a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren firiji don rana ɗaya. Godiya ga wannan magudi, shuka zai zama mafi tsayayya ga matsanancin zafin jiki da kuma sanyaya mai tsawo, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga yankunan arewa da Siberiya.

Kai tsaye shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa

Ana iya shuka iri da aka haɗe a cikin ƙasa. Idan ba a shirya shi ba tun lokacin faɗuwar, yana buƙatar tono sama da warwatse a kan 1 sq. m 1-2 buckets na humus ko takin da 0,5 lita na ash. Maimakon humus, zaka iya amfani da urea a cikin adadin 50 g da 1 sq. m. Idan akwai ƙarancin kwayoyin halitta, ana iya shafa shi kai tsaye zuwa ramuka kuma a haɗa shi da ƙasan saman.

Tsarin shuka iri shine kamar haka:

• zurfin ciki – 4-6 cm;
• nisa tsakanin ramuka – 50 cm;
• Tsawon layi – 60 cm.

Yana da daraja jefa 2-3 tsaba a cikin kowane m rijiya, sa’an nan kuma yayyafa wani Layer na humus gauraye da yashi mai kyau a saman. Idan duk tsaba sun tsiro a nan gaba, sai kawai a bar tsiron mafi ƙarfi. Ana iya dasa kwafin na biyu a wani wuri inda babu tsiro kwata-kwata.

Bayan shuka, ana buƙatar shayar da gado da kuma ciyawa. Yana da kyau a rufe amfanin gona tare da yanke kwalabe na filastik ko wasu kayan rufewa a kan baka. Yana da mahimmanci cewa yana da fari kuma yana numfashi. Bayan makonni biyu, ana iya cire shi don kwana ɗaya, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci – an cire shi gaba ɗaya.

Don tsawaita lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, yakamata a shuka tsaba sau da yawa tare da tazara na kwanaki 5-6.

Dasa zucchini zucchini ta hanyar seedlings

Wannan fasaha ya shafi noman tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi, wanda a nan gaba za a buƙaci a dasa shi cikin ƙasa. Bari mu yi la’akari da wannan tsari mataki-mataki.

Seeding ga seedlings

Ya kamata a dasa tsaba da aka shirya ta hanyar da ke sama a cikin kofuna na filastik daban tare da ƙarar 200 ml da diamita wanda bai wuce 10 cm ba, bin umarnin masu zuwa:

1. Saya substrate a kantin kayan lambu ko shirya shi da kanka ta hanyar haxa humus, sod mai laushi, ruɓaɓɓen sawdust da peat a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 1: 1, bi da bi. Sakamakon abun da ke ciki dole ne a lalata shi ta kowace hanya mai yiwuwa – an yi shi a cikin tanda, daskararre, tururi ko zuba tare da ruwan hoda-purple na potassium permanganate. Don ƙarin disinfection na tsaba, alli da aka murƙushewa ko ash na itace da aka siƙa za a iya ƙara zuwa cakuda a cikin adadin 1 tbsp. l. don lita 2 na cakuda.

   Za a iya zubar da substrate kawai tare da maganin Fitosporin.

2. Rabin cika tukwane tare da substrate kuma shuka tsaba 2 a cikin su zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm, kuma yayyafa da ƙasa a saman.
3. Saka duk tukwane a cikin akwati mai faɗi guda ɗaya (akwati, kwando), rufe da gilashi ko fim kuma canja wurin zuwa wurin noma.

Kula da seedlings

Don dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar samar da ingantaccen kulawa, wanda ya haɗa da ayyuka masu zuwa:

• Kula da mafi kyawun microclimate. Ajiye seedlings a cikin duhu, wuri mai dumi a zazzabi na + 18 … 23ºC har sai manyan harbe suka bayyana. Dole ne ɗakin ya kasance yana samun iska kowace rana don kawar da tara tarin condensate. Lokacin da manyan harbe suka bayyana, dole ne a cire “greenhouse”, kuma dole ne a sake shirya tukwane a wuri mai haske. Don kada harbe ya shimfiɗa, lokacin hasken rana ya kamata ya wuce sa’o’i 10-12. Tare da bayyanar farkon …