Tumatir iri-iri “Sugar Pudovichok” yana da daɗi kuma yana da lafiya a cikin kayan lambu ɗaya a ƙarƙashin murfin ja-rasberi

Tumatir iri-iri “Sugar Pudovichok” an yi shi ne ta hanyar masu shayarwa na Rasha musamman don yankunan da ke da matsanancin yanayi: Siberiya da yankunan arewa. Kamfanin Lambun Siberiya yana cikin Novosibirsk, kuma ƙwararrunsa sune ƙwararrun sana’o’insu, tunda iri-iri sun kasance a zahiri ba tare da lahani ba.

Bayani da halaye: siffofi na musamman na iri-iri “Sugar Pudovichok”

Tsire-tsire iri-iri da wuya su kai tsayin mita 1, suna da ƙarfi sosai, masu ƙarfi, galibi ana samun su cikin mai tushe biyu. Yawan ganye yana da matsakaici, suna da ƙarfi da girma. Iri-iri “Sugar pudovichok” – ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar kara ya iyakance ga tsarin ‘ya’yan itace 3-5. Yana buƙatar samuwar daji da garter.

Launin ‘ya’yan itace cikakke

‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da girma sosai, tare da ƙananan haƙarƙari masu ɗanɗano a tushe, launi ja-crimson iri ɗaya. Siffar ‘ya’yan itacen zagaye ne, dan kadan kadan.

Lokacin girma

Dangane da halayensa, nau’in yana da matsakaicin lokacin girma, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna fara girma tare 110-115 kwanaki bayan germination. Lokacin ‘ya’yan itace ya kasance har zuwa farkon Satumba a cikin filin bude da kuma ƙarshen Satumba – a cikin kariya.

Ladabi

Dangane da bayanin, ɗanɗanon ‘ya’yan itace ya cancanci mafi girman ƙima: nama, mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, mai daɗi, mai daɗi, tare da fata mai laushi da ƙananan ƙananan tsaba a cikin ɗakunan iri 3-5. Daidaiton ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da taushi, kusan iri ɗaya. Zaƙi na ‘ya’yan itace yana ba da damar yara da manya da cututtuka na tsarin narkewa don amfani da tumatir.

Yawan aiki

Ƙananan adadin goge-goge (3-5) an ɗora a kan tushe, a cikin kowannensu har zuwa biyar, sau da yawa ana ɗaure ‘ya’yan itatuwa shida. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna jin daɗin girman su sosai. A matsakaici, nauyin su a kowace daji ya fi 300 g, kuma samfurori na mutum – fiye da 600 g. A cikin bude ƙasa, ana girbe kilogiram 3-4 na tumatir daga daji guda, a cikin greenhouses – 8-12 kg a kowace 1 m.².

Irinsu manya-manyan ‘ya’yan itace iri iri

Dangane da halayen ilimin lissafi, iri-iri “Sugar Pudovichok” yayi kama da shahararrun nau’ikan: “Velmozha”, “Pride na Siberiya”, “Bogatyr Rasha”, “Tolstoy”, “Sensei”, “Sibiryak F1”. Waɗannan ƙananan nau’ikan iri ne masu girma, masu sauƙin kulawa kuma sun dace da girma a cikin yanayin buɗe ƙasa.

Mene ne mai kyau iri-iri

Iri-iri yana da kyawawan halaye masu yawa:

• dandano mai kyau, nau’i mai dadi, babban abun ciki na sukari da busassun kwayoyin halitta;
• juriya sanyi da juriya ga canjin yanayin zafi;
• dabarar noma mai sauƙi.

Babu gagarumin gazawa a cikin iri-iri. Tare da canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafi, ‘ya’yan itace fashe yana yiwuwa.

Inda ake noma “Sugar pudovichok”

a cikin greenhouse

Ba shi da tasiri don dasa duk yankin lokacin hunturu, greenhouses masu zafi tare da ƙananan ƙananan, da sauri kammala nau’in tumatir. Amma a cikin greenhouses na bazara, suna ba da sakamako mai kyau lokacin da aka dasa su a cikin nau’i mai tsabta ko a matsayin ma’auni na nau’i mai tsayi. “Sugar pudovichok” na iya zama ƙananan wurare a ƙarƙashin maƙallan greenhouses da matsuguni na wucin gadi.

A cikin fili

Girma da ci gaban shuke-shuke da ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna da tasiri ta hanyar abubuwan halitta, Sugar Pudovichok, wanda aka halicce shi a Siberiya, yana jure wa yanayin yanayi tare da mutunci kuma, saboda juriya na sanyi, ana noma shi a cikin yankunan arewa da Gabas mai Nisa.

Siffofin nau’ikan fasahar noma

nutsewa

Ana girma iri-iri ne kawai a cikin seedlings, wanda, kwanaki 55-60 kafin saukowar da aka yi niyya a wuri na dindindin, suna fara shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye da kwantena. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin tukwane daban a cikin shekaru 10-12 bayan germination, bayan bayyanar 1-2 ganye na gaskiya. Don tsire-tsire, an ƙirƙiri mafi kyawun zafin jiki da zafi don hana shi daga shimfiɗawa da girma. Idan tsire-tsire sun fara shimfiɗawa, ana rage yawan zafin jiki kuma an dakatar da shayarwa na ɗan lokaci.

A hankali! Zazzabi da ke ƙasa da 14 ° C ba a yarda da samar da seedling ba, saboda suna haɓaka haɓakar cututtuka.

Rage yawan zafin jiki a hankali zuwa 15-16 ° C 10-14 kwanaki kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa yana ba da gudummawa ga taurinsa.

Shirye-shiryen dasa daban-daban sun dace da girma, amma adadin tsire-tsire a cikin 1 m² ya kamata ba fiye da 4. Compaction na plantings complicates kula, worsens haske da samun iska, da hadi na furanni rage-rage.

Pasynkovanie

Kodayake tsire-tsire iri-iri suna da ƙasa, a lokacin girma girma, a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu kyau, an samar da tarin ciyayi mai yawa, wanda ke rage adadin ‘ya’yan itace kuma yana lalata ripening.

Don samar da ƙaramin daji mai ƙanƙara, ana barin harbe 1-2 akan babban tushe da ke ƙasa da goga na farko da na gaba.

Sauran harbe an karye a hankali, suna hana su girma fiye da 5 cm. Sau ɗaya a mako, ana cire ganye 1-2 a cikin yanki na uXNUMXbuXNUMXbfruit ovaries don inganta ci gaba da ripening ‘ya’yan itatuwa.

Nasiha! Don samun manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, wajibi ne a bar fiye da 3-5 ovaries a kan goga ɗaya.

Daure

Dole ne a ɗaure tushe a ƙarƙashin kowace gungu na ‘ya’yan itace (kowane tushe), saboda ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu nauyi za su ja shi zuwa ƙasa. Kuna iya ɗaure kowace shuka zuwa goyan baya daban, ko ja trellis mai ƙarfi don jere ɗaya. An ɗaure tare da kayan laushi ko zaren da ba sa cutar da tushe.

Ƙarin hadi

Iri-iri na amsa godiya ga taki tare da takin gargajiya da ma’adinai da microelements. Tsarin ciyarwa bai bambanta da fasali:

1. Babban miya a cikin fall (taki, takin, ash, phosphorus-potassium da takin mai magani).
2. A cikin bazara, hadaddun takin mai ɗauke da nitrogen.
3. A lokacin girma – aƙalla riguna 4 tare da tazara na kwanaki 10-14. Na farko biyu daga cikinsu tare da predominance na nitrogen ga shuka girma. Bayan haka tare da fifikon potassium da phosphorus – don saitawa da ripening ‘ya’yan itatuwa.

Don babban sutura, ana kuma amfani da suturar saman da ke da alaƙa da muhalli tare da jiko na ganye tare da ash na itace, aidin da maganin yisti.

Ana amfani da takin mai magani ta hanyar shayar da maganin a ƙarƙashin tushen ko ta hanyar ban ruwa na ganye tare da ƙananan mafita na takin mai magani da microelements.

A cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi da damina mai tsawo a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ana iya amfani da takin mai magani a bushe a ƙarƙashin tushen, sannan a sassauta.

Hankali! Lokacin da takin zamani, wajibi ne a bi shawarwarin masana’antun, tunda yawan abubuwan gina jiki na iya zama mafi muni fiye da ƙarancin su.

Rigakafi da kula da cututtukan tumatir da kwari

Sugar Pudovichok iri-iri yana da juriya ga ƙafar baƙar fata, cladosporiosis, tabo mai launin ruwan kasa, wilt na kwayan cuta, da cutar mosaic taba. Idan babu tsawaita ruwa, yana tsayayya da ci gaban rot. Yana da matsakaicin juriya ga phytophthora. Don guje wa shan kashi daga manyan cututtukan tumatir, ana iya ɗaukar matakan rigakafi:

1. Disinfection na ƙasa kafin dasa shuki tare da raunin rauni (1-1.5%) na foundationazole ko potassium permanganate.
2. Tsaftace lokaci na weeds, ganyayyaki masu lalacewa, ‘ya’yan itatuwa da alamun cututtuka.
3. Samun iska na greenhouses, matsakaici watering.
4. Ana sassauta ƙasa na yau da kullun, musamman a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a cikin yanayin rigar.
5. Guji rauni ga kara yayin tsinkewa da cire ganye.
6. Gudanar da ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushen, ba tare da wetting shuka ba.
7. Rigakafin spraying tare da shirye-shirye dauke da jan karfe: “Polycarbacin”, “Copper vitriol”, “Fitosporin”, da dai sauransu.

Don magance kwari, magungunan jama’a suna da tasiri a cikin nau’i na tinctures da decoctions na barkono mai ɗaci, wormwood, da taba. Ana amfani da tarko da batsa mai guba don yaƙar beyar.

Amfani da sarrafa tumatir

Fresh iri-iri na tumatir “Sugar Pudovichok” yana da dadi sosai, amma kuma ya dace da aiki, saboda babban abun ciki na busassun busassun da ƙananan tsaba.

Ana iya la’akari da ƙananan ƙarancin cewa ba zai yi aiki ba don adana dukan ‘ya’yan itace saboda girman su. Amma mashed dankali, juices, lecho, taliya, sanyi da kuma zafi salads ne na kwarai dadi.

Hakanan ya dace da bushewa. Waɗannan tumatur ɗin nama sun haɗu da kyau tare da kusan duk kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa da yawa.

Sauƙi don kulawa, tare da ƙarancin buƙatu don abinci mai gina jiki da yanayin girma, nau’in tumatir Sugar Pudovichok zai sami sauƙin samun tushe a cikin lambun ƙwararrun masu son lambu da masu farawa. Bayan yin zaɓi don yarda da nau’ikan iri-iri, kuna samun kyakkyawan samfurin bitamin akan farashi kaɗan.