Cutar tapeworm

Alade tapeworm cuta ce da ke haifar da wani nau’i na musamman na cestodes parasitic. Yana haifar da babbar illa ga kamfanonin alade saboda gaskiyar cewa nama a mafi yawan lokuta ya zama mara dacewa don amfani bayan kamuwa da cuta. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin cuta da suka samo asali a cikin jikin alade na iya haifar da rashin lafiya a cikin mutane. Don haka, yana da matuƙar mahimmanci a gano dabbobin da suka kamu da cutar cikin lokaci kuma a fara magani.

Sarkar Alade

Menene tsutsotsin alade?

Wannan cuta a cikin aladu kuma ana kiranta cysticercosis. Yana haifar da Cysticercus cellulosae ko tapeworm. Helminth yana shiga cikin jikin dabba, wanda a cikin yanayi yana aiki a matsayin tsaka-tsakin mai watsa shiri ga parasites. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ne ta hanyar shan ƙwai, bayan haka blister larvae yana fitowa daga gare su, yana shafar ƙwayar tsoka na alade. Wani lokaci jijiya ko nama mai haɗi yana shafar.

Tare da ƙananan larvae parasitic (Finn), irin wannan nau’in cuta na iya faruwa gaba daya a cikin asymptomatically. Idan taro na parasites a cikin tsokoki ko gabobin ya yi girma, wannan yana tasiri sosai ga aikin su.

A waje, tsutsa tana kama da farar cyst da ke cike da kayan abinci. A ciki akwai tsutsa mai tasowa. Daga cikin dabbobi, aladu na gida da na daji suna da saukin kamuwa da cysticercosis. A wannan yanayin, mai ɗaukar kwayoyin cutar na iya zama zomaye, hares, karnuka, cats da sauran ungulates.

Dalilan kamuwa da cuta

Kamar yadda muka gani a baya, tsutsar tsutsa ita ce parasite, cikakken tsarin ci gaba wanda ke faruwa tare da canjin runduna biyu. Mutum shine mai masaukin baki na ƙarshe. A cikinsa, tsoho mai girma yana haifar da cutar teniosis. A lokacin cutar, an kafa helminth akan bangon ƙananan hanji, kuma yana ciyar da abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda ke shiga cikin jiki tare da abinci. A lokaci guda kuma, a cikin tsarin ciyarwa, tsutsotsi na fitar da kayan aiki masu guba a cikin jiki, wanda ke damun yanayin lafiyar ɗan adam.

Tapeworm a cikin jiki yana tasowa da sauri. Idan babu matakan warkewa, yana iya girma har zuwa 3 m ko fiye. A lokaci guda, fiye da 1 miliyan qwai suna tasowa a cikin jikin helminth a kowace rana, wanda aka saki a cikin yanayin waje tare da feces. Ana kiyaye yiwuwar irin waɗannan ƙwai har tsawon watanni 18.

Tsarin helminths

Kamuwa da aladu da sauran dabbobi tare da ƙwai parasite yana faruwa ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

1. Ta hanyar abinci wanda ɓangarorin najasar ɗan adam ta faɗi.
2. Da ruwa.
3. Tare da kamuwa da kyallen takarda da sassan gabobin ciki na dabbobin da aka yanka, waɗanda aladu, karnuka da kuliyoyi za su iya ci.

Tare da abinci, ƙwai suna shiga tsarin narkewa, inda harsashi ya narke a ƙarƙashin aikin ruwan ciki. A cikin watanni 2-4 na gaba, tsutsa mai cike da ƙwayar cuta ta tasowa daga tayin da aka saki, wanda ke motsawa tare da jini zuwa kyallen takarda mai laushi kuma ya zama gyarawa a cikinsu. Bayan samun kafa a cikin jikin alade, helminth a cikin tsutsa yana iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 2. Idan a wannan lokacin babu motsi a cikin jikin mutum, tsutsa ta mutu.

Dangane da hanyoyin da za a kai dan Finnish zuwa mutum, akwai biyu daga cikinsu:

1. Tare da nama. Tare da tsawaita yanayin zafi, tsutsotsi a cikin kayan nama ya mutu. Amma soya mai rauni ko tafasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci ba zai iya ba da tasirin da ake so ba. Saboda haka, lokacin da irin wannan naman alade ya shiga cikin tsarin narkewa, an saki Finn kuma ya fara tasowa.
2. Lokacin bautar dabbobi. Wani lokaci Finnish na iya shiga hannu ko tufafin ma’aikata. Idan ba a kiyaye ka’idodin tsabta lokacin aiki a gonar alade, kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa.

Magana. Tsutsar tsutsa tana tasowa zuwa mutum wanda ya balaga cikin jima’i a cikin watanni 2-3. Hakazalika, ko da parasites guda ɗaya ne a cikin jikin ɗan adam, har yanzu yana iya haɓaka.

Alamun

Cysticercosis, wanda ke tasowa lokacin da dabbobi suka kamu da tsutsotsi, suna wucewa a cikin wani nau’i na subclinical ko latent. Sabili da haka, yana da kusan ba zai yiwu ba a gano kasancewar kwayar cutar a cikin aladu a cikin lokaci. Bayyanar alamun cutar suna bayyana ne kawai idan an ƙara maida hankali na helminths a cikin kyallen takarda. Wannan na iya zama shaida ta:

• m, numfashi marar zurfi na dabba;
• rikicewar lokaci-lokaci;
• kumburi a sassa daban-daban na jiki;
• anemia;
• atrophy na wuraren da abin ya shafa, wanda ke tasowa a sakamakon gaskiyar cewa kyallen takarda suna raguwa kuma suna toshe jinin al’ada;
• ƙin cin abinci da baƙin ciki na gaba ɗaya;
• rashin lafiyan halayen na iya faruwa wanda ke haifar da toxin da helminth ya fitar.

Idan Finnish sun yada zuwa zuciya tare da jini, sau da yawa ana gano matsaloli daban-daban a cikin aikin gabobin. Irin wannan yanki na helminths na iya haifar da mutuwa. Tare da haɓakar yawan larvae a cikin hanta, cutar kuma ta ƙare da mutuwa.

Babban wuraren da ake tattara parasites a cikin jikin alade sune:

• tsokoki na mahaifa da scapular;
• tsoka nama na harshe;
• tsokoki da ke da alhakin tauna abinci;
• zuciya.

Alamomin cutar

Siffofin daban-daban na cysticercosis suna ba da shawarar gano asalin Finn a cikin harsashi na ciki na ido, kwakwalwa da kasusuwa, a ƙarƙashin fata. Wannan ƙayyadaddun cutar yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin waɗannan sassan jiki. Amma ba zai yiwu a gano su ta hanyar lura da dabbobi na yau da kullun ba.

Bincike

Ba a cika yin amfani da bincike na serological don gano cysticercosis a aladu ba. Hakanan, sakamako mai kyau yayin kamuwa da cuta zai iya nuna alamun cutar x-ray. A wannan yanayin, ana iya ganin raunuka akan kyallen takarda. Amma, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa irin waɗannan hanyoyin ba a amfani da su a zahiri saboda rikitarwar aiwatarwa da rashin riba na tattalin arziki.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana yin ganewar asali ne bayan mutuwa ko yankan dabbar da gangan. A wannan yanayin, ana iya gano waɗannan canje-canjen pathological da anatomical a cikin alade:

• atrophy na tsoka nama a cikin yankunan da abin ya shafa;
• huhu na iya zama kamar a cikin matsanancin ciwon huhu;
• tare da lalacewar hanta, alamun hepatitis na iya tasowa;
• Naman tsoka ya cika da yawa tare da nama mai haɗi.

Har ila yau, lokacin da ake nazarin naman dabba bayan shari’ar, yana yiwuwa a gano Finnish masu rai ko marasa aiki a ciki.

Magani

Tapeworm na alade a cikin matakin tsutsa yana da matukar juriya ga kowane irin tasiri. Saboda haka, a halin yanzu babu ingantaccen matakan warkewa ga dabbobi. Abin da kawai za a iya yi shi ne kashe tsutsotsi a cikin samfuran alade da aka samu. Yi wannan hanya ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

1. Thermal sarrafa. Don yin wannan, an yanke sakamakon da aka samu na gawa zuwa kauri ba fiye da 8 cm ba kuma a cikin babban akwati don akalla sa’o’i 3 bayan tafasa. A wannan lokacin, tsutsotsin ya mutu a cikin ruwan zãfi.
2. Daskare. Harsashi mai kariya na parasite yana iya tsayayya da ƙananan yanayin zafi. Amma tare da tsawaita bayyanarwa, har yanzu ana iya kawar da shi. Don yin wannan, ana sanya nama a cikin firiji, inda zafin jiki ya ragu har sai ya kai -10 digiri a tsakiyar tsoka. Bayan haka, ana daidaita tsarin zafin jiki zuwa -12 a cikin dakin kuma samfurin yana shafar wasu kwanaki 10.
3. Gishiri. A wannan yanayin, ana niƙa naman gawa a cikin guda na kilogiram 2,5, babu ƙari. Na gaba, an sanya naman alade a cikin ruwa, tare da gishiri narkar da shi, wanda yawancinsa shine akalla 10% na nauyin nauyin nama. A cikin wannan brine, yana kwance tsawon kwanaki 20.

Naman alade

Tabbas, duk matakan da ke sama suna lalata dandano naman alade sosai, amma suna iya hana cikakkiyar asarar samarwa. Bugu da ƙari, irin wannan disinfection ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai idan ma’aunin kamuwa da cuta ya kasance kadan. A cikin yanayin babban taro na helminths, ana zubar da gawar dabbobin da aka yanka. An ba da izinin gawar nama don lalata, a kan sashin tsokoki wanda ba a gani fiye da tsutsotsi uku ba. Ana yin ɓarna a wuraren da aka fi iya gano ƙwayar cuta.

Rigakafi

Tun da babu cikakkiyar magani ga tsutsotsi a cikin aladu, hanyar da za ta kare kariya daga yaduwar kwayar cutar ita ce aiwatar da matakan kariya masu kyau. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• Tabbatar da mafi kyawun yanayin tsafta ga dabbobi da kuma aikin ma’aikatansu.
• Binciken ma’aikatan gona na yau da kullun da duk wanda ya shiga hulɗa da aladu don kasancewar helminths a cikin jiki. Lokacin da aka gano su, ana aiwatar da deworming na aiki.
• Yada labarai na yau da kullun game da cututtukan parasitic da hanyoyin rigakafin su.
• Kyakkyawan inganci da cikakken dafa nama kafin amfani.

Wasu matakan kiwon lafiyar dabbobi kuma suna hana ci gaban tapeworm na alade. Manyan daga cikinsu akwai:

• Binciken wajibi na naman alade lokacin da ake yanka dabbobi a masana’antu da wuraren yanka. Idan ana yanka a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu, yana da kyau a duba naman da likitan dabbobi kafin a ci. Idan ana siyarwa, ana buƙatar dubawa.
• Tilastawa na lokaci-lokaci na gonakin gona don sanin ƙayyadaddun ainihin yanayin tsarewa tare da ƙa’idodi na gaba ɗaya.
• Kula da fasaha na zubar da gabobin jiki da ragowar gawawwakin dabbobin da suka mutu ko aka kashe da gangan. Haramcin ciyar da irin wannan ragowar ga karnuka da sauran dabbobi.
• Tarko da deworing na yau da kullun na karnuka batattu.

Kammalawa

Duk da cewa tsutsotsin tapeworm na amfani da jikin alade a matsayin tsaka-tsaki mai masaukin baki, sakamakon mutuwa idan ya shiga cikin jiki har yanzu yana yiwuwa. Bugu da ƙari, tsutsotsi na iya haifar da mummunar lalacewar tattalin arziki ga gonakin alade, yana sa naman dabbobi da kitse ba su dace da amfani ba. Don haka, ya kamata a dauki tsarin matakan tsafta don kiyaye dabbobi da kiyaye matakan kariya na asali da dukkan mahimmanci.