Zucchini Aeronaut tare da farkon lokacin girma an bambanta shi da girman girman bushes, ɓangaren litattafan almara mai daɗi da ikon yin ‘ya’yan itace tsawon watanni 2. Ana iya girma a cikin bude ƙasa, a cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse, ba kawai a kan makirci na sirri ba, har ma a kan sikelin masana’antu. Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da wannan iri-iri, da kuma yadda za ku kusanci noman sa yadda ya kamata don samun girbi mai kyau, za mu sami ƙarin bayani.
Squash Aeronaut
Zucchini Aeronaut ana jigilar shi da kyau ta kan nesa mai nisa
Zucchini Aeronaut baya jin tsoron yanayin sanyi
Bayani iri-iri
Zucchini zucchini Aeronaut (Aeronavt) ya bayyana game da shekaru dubu 3 da suka wuce a Amurka. An yi kuskuren la’akari da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu guba, don haka tsaba kawai aka ci. A tsakiyar karni na 16, zucchini ya zo Turai, inda aka girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na ado don yin ado ga gadaje na fure. Furanni kawai aka ci.
A farkon karni na 18, Aeronaut ya isa Italiya, inda ya fara amfani da shi azaman samfurin shirya jita-jita na yau da kullum. Har yanzu ana la’akari da ɗayan shahararrun nau’ikan zucchini, don haka halayensa sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman:
Bayanin Siffar Lokacin Ripening Aeronaut yana cikin nau’in farkon ripening, don haka ana iya girbe amfanin gona kwanaki 40-45 bayan farkon harbe-harbe. Lokacin fruiting yana daga ƙarshen Yuli zuwa farkon Agusta. Pollination Wannan squash ne mai kai-pollinating iri-iri, don haka ya ci gaba da rayayye ba da ‘ya’yan itace ko da a lokacin tsawan lokaci ruwan sama da kuma in babu pollinating ƙudan zuma. Halayen shuka Wannan ɗanɗano iri-iri ne na sana’a, don haka yana girma a cikin kurmi waɗanda idan an dasa su yadda ya kamata, suna datsewa kuma suna da ƙarfi. Suna iya kaiwa tsayin 1 m. Bushes suna da ɗan gajeren babban harbi da ƙaramin adadin bulala. An lulluɓe su da kyawawan furanni masu launin rawaya na jinsin mata masu rinjaye da manyan ganye marasa ƙaya tare da ƙaramin gefu, waɗanda a ƙarƙashinsu akwai tsiro mai kaifi. Dole ne a yi la’akari da wannan lokacin girbi, don kada a ji rauni. Hanyar ‘ya’yan itace ana aiwatar da ita a cikin daji, a cikin bunch mai yawa. Bambance-bambancen Aeronaut ya ta’allaka ne a cikin ci gaban ‘ya’yan itacen a tsaye, wanda, kamar yadda yake, ya isa ga rana kuma ya faɗi ƙasa kawai a ƙarƙashin nauyin nauyin nasu lokacin da suka isa girma na ilimin halitta. Godiya ga wannan ci gaban, ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari ba su ƙarƙashin mamayewar slugs, tun da waɗannan kwari ba za su iya hawa zuwa gare su ba tare da m mai tushe. Halayen ‘ya’yan itatuwa Shuka yana samar da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu halaye masu zuwa:
- nauyi – a matsakaita, ‘ya’yan itace mai kasuwa yana zuwa 1,3-1,5 kg;
- tsayi – a cikin samfurin ovary bai wuce 14-15 cm ba;
- tsari – ɗan rabe-rabe, daidaitacce cylindrical, ɗan kunkuntar zuwa ga peduncle;
- fata – ko da santsi, kore ko duhu kore tare da ƙananan ɗigo, sirara kuma masu sheki a cikin ɓangarorin matasa, amma m da faɗuwa a cikin balagagge kuma mafi girma samfurori;
- nama – fari ko kodadde rawaya, m da kuma dadi tare da m ciki kyallen takarda da yaji, amma dan kadan furta dandano.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari masu kama da irin waɗannan halaye ba sa tsoron yanayin sanyi kuma suna jure wa jigilar kaya a kan nesa mai nisa.
Abun da ke ciki da fa’idodin ‘ya’yan itace ɓangaren litattafan almara na zucchini ya ƙunshi kusan 5,2-7,0% na daskararru tare da abun ciki na sukari na 2,5-5,4%. Wannan yana nufin cewa kayan lambu yana da kyau ga masu ciwon sukari da masu cin abinci. Saboda abun ciki a cikin babban adadin fiber da carotene, kazalika da bitamin A, B da C, yana da kaddarorin masu zuwa:
- normalizes hawan jini;
- yana rage haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji;
- yana ƙara rigakafi, inganta hangen nesa da ƙarfafa kusoshi, gashi, hakora;
- yana da tasirin diuretic, yana wanke jiki daga gubobi da gubobi.
Scope Zucchini Aeronaut sau da yawa ana cinye sabo, yana ƙara zuwa salads kayan lambu. Ana kuma soya shi a cikin pancakes ko kuma a gasa shi da tumatir a yi amfani da shi azaman abinci na gefe. Don gwangwani, ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun dace kawai lokacin da aka murƙushe su. Lokacin marinated, ba sa aiki da kyau, saboda suna samun ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, fitattun zaruruwa da kuma tsarin danko. Amma game da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma a ilimin halitta, ana iya amfani da su azaman abincin dabbobi kawai. Juriya ga cututtuka da kwari iri-iri na da babban rigakafi ga mildew powdery. A cikin lokacin rani mai sanyi tare da ƙananan hazo, ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba sa buƙatar ƙarin magani daga cututtuka da kwari. Bayar da Batun zuwa ingantaccen fasaha daga murabba’in 1. m gadaje na dukan tsawon lokacin fruiting za a iya tattara har zuwa 7-7,8 kg ‘ya’yan itace. Daga daji daya a kowace kakar zaka iya samun 25-30 zucchini. Siffofin girma Aeronaut sun dace da girma a cikin buɗe ƙasa da greenhouse. Matsakaicin tsari don dasa shi shine daga 40 × 50 zuwa 50 × 70 cm. Ba za a rage tazarar da aka ba da shawarar tsakanin shuka ba, saboda wannan zai haifar da raguwar ‘ya’yan itace, duk da ƙarancin bushes. Shuka ba ta da sanyi, don haka tsire-tsire suna kula da sanyi. Koyaya, a lokaci guda, basa buƙatar yanayin zafi don haɓaka aiki.
Zucchini tsaba Aeronaut sun cika duk buƙatun ma’auni na duniya da GOST RF 12260-81, tunda ba su ƙunshi ƙwayoyin halittar da aka gyara ba.
Agrotechnics
Don samun girbi mai yawa na zucchini, kafin girma Aeronaut, kuna buƙatar yanke shawara kan ka’idodin agrotechnical masu zuwa:
- Hanyar saukarwa. Zucchini za a iya noma ta hanyoyi biyu. Na farko ya haɗa da germination na tsaba da kuma kara dasawa na seedlings a cikin bude ƙasa, kuma na biyu – shuka su kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Yana da kyau a shuka amfanin gona ta hanyar dasa iri a cikin ƙasa idan zafin ƙasa ya kasance +10…+13°C. Sake haifuwa ta hanyar seedlings yana dacewa a cikin yankuna waɗanda ke da sanyi a ƙarshen Mayu da farkon Yuni, kuma lokacin rani yana da sanyi.
- Sharuɗɗan shuka. Ana iya dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu, amma don girbi mai sauri da noma a cikin greenhouse, ana iya yin shuka a cikin Maris. Idan ana shuka iri-iri ta hanyar seedlings, to ana iya shuka tsaba a farkon Mayu, ta yadda a farkon watan Yuni, ana iya dasa shuki tare da ganye 2-4 zuwa wuri na dindindin.
- Zaɓin ƙasa da ƙasa. Sunny da kwanciyar hankali tare da ƙasa mai laushi da ƙasa mara kyau wanda ke da tsaka tsaki acidity ana ɗaukar mafi kyawun noman wannan amfanin gona. Zucchini yana tsiro da kyau akan ƙasa mai laushi da matsakaicin taki. Hakanan ana iya samun girbi mai kyau akan ƙasa baƙar fata. A lokaci guda, Aeronaut ba ya sha’awar ambaliya da ƙasa mai matsakaicin gishiri, amma yana tsiro mara kyau akan ƙasa acidic.
- Juyawa amfanin gona. Mafi kyawun magabata don zucchini sune:
- tushen kayan lambu (radish, karas, beets, seleri);
- kabeji;
- baka;
- dankali;
- masara ko shekara-shekara ciyawa.
Kada a dasa Aeronaut bayan wasu nau’ikan zucchini na shekaru 2. Sauran wakilan dangin Kabewa da wake ba za su iya zama magabata ba.
Ba a ba da shawarar shuka zucchini kusa da kabewa ba, kamar yadda giciye-pollination na iya haifar da rashin ingancin iri.
Matakan shiri da dasa zucchini
Iri-iri na Aeronaut ba shi da ma’ana ga yanayin girma, amma don samun girbi mai kyau, yana da mahimmanci a shirya tsaba da ƙasa da kyau don dasa shuki, da kuma sanya bushes a kan rukunin yanar gizonku daidai.
Inganta ƙasa
Dole ne a noma wurin a cikin kaka da bazara, da kuma nan da nan kafin dasa shuki zucchini. Wannan shi ne yanayin da ya zama dole don raguwa mai yawa a cikin yawan ciyawa da kwari. Ga ayyukan da kuke buƙatar yi:
- A tsakiyar kaka, tono ko noma ƙasa: gerbils haske zuwa zurfin 21-25 cm, loam – 24-26 cm, da chernozems da filayen ambaliya – 25-27 cm.
- Kafin noma, ƙara fermented taki na dabbobin gida a cikin ƙasa a cikin adadin 4-6 kg da 1 sq. Ana iya maye gurbinsa da takin kayan lambu a cikin adadi iri ɗaya. Daga takin ma’adinai, takin tare da abun ciki na nitrogen da potassium (har zuwa 60-80 g da 1 sq. M) ya fi dacewa. A wuraren da ke da ƙasa mai yawan acidic, bai kamata a yi amfani da irin wannan takin ba, amma ya kamata a yi liming na wucin gadi tare da toka na itace ko ash.
- A cikin bazara, sake sassauta ƙasa, amma zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 15 cm ba. Idan ba a yi amfani da takin mai magani a cikin ƙasa ba yayin noman kaka, to a cikin kwata na biyu dole ne a ciyar da filin a cikin adadin 10-15 g na superphosphate, 5-7 g na potassium gishiri da 7 g na ammonium sulfate da 1 sq. m.
- Harrow tare da rake zuwa zurfin 10 cm. Yi wannan hanya sau 2 – bayan ƙasa ta bushe kuma kafin dasa shuki. Godiya ga wannan, zaku iya aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa nan da nan – don lalata tushen tsarin weeds waɗanda suka tsira daga hunturu, don riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa kuma ku dumi shi da kyau.
Ana iya aiki da ƙasa mai haske sau ɗaya kafin shuka kuma zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 6 cm ba.
Shirye-shiryen iri
Kafin dasa shuki, ana buƙatar shirya kayan shuka da kyau don duba shi don germination da haɓaka haɓaka aiki. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- zaži tsaba masu girma da cikakke, waɗanda aka jiƙa a cikin ruwan dumi na kwana ɗaya kuma an bushe;
- germinate 10-20 tsaba a kan wani damp zane, da kuma lokacin da microscopic sprouts bayyana bayan kwanaki 3-5, dasa su a cikin ƙasa;
- jiƙa tsaba na kwana ɗaya a cikin 0,05-0,1% bayani na potassium permanganate ko 0,05% maganin boric acid don haɓaka rigakafi ga cututtukan fungal da ƙwayoyin cuta yayin germination.
Dasa tsaba
Idan zucchini ya girma a cikin seedlings, to dole ne a shuka tsaba a cikin tukwane daban, tunda wannan amfanin gona baya jure wa ɗauka. A matsayin abun da ke ciki na gina jiki, zaka iya amfani da cakuda humus da peat. Kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a zuba shi da ruwan dumi (20 ° C). A cikin kowane kofin, kuna buƙatar jefa iri 1, kuma bayan dasa shuki, rufe ƙasa tare da fim ko gilashi har sai harbe na farko ya bayyana.
A cikin aiwatar da girma, ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire akai-akai kuma a ajiye su a wuri mai dumi, mai haske. Bayan kwanaki 20, ana iya dasa shi zuwa wuri na dindindin a ƙimar da bai wuce 13 bushes a cikin murabba’in murabba’in 10 ba. m. Yana da kyawawa don shirya iri-iri bisa ga ka’idar murabba’i, kiyaye 40-50 cm tsakanin ramuka, da 50-70 cm tsakanin layuka.
Idan an shuka tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa buɗe, to tsarin shuka ya kasance iri ɗaya, amma suna buƙatar zurfafa ta 5-7 cm a cikin ƙasa mai haske da 3-5 cm a cikin ƙasa mai yawa. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na ƙasa shine 20 ° C. Idan ba a dasa shi sosai, ana iya fara zuba shi da ruwan dumi a adadin 200-300 ml kowace rijiya. Amfanin iri – 4-6 g da murabba’in mita 10. m ko guda 3 a kowace furrow. Bayan dasa shuki, ya kamata a rufe ramin da ƙasa kuma a haɗa shi da sauƙi.
kula da saukowa
Don zucchini, kuna buƙatar tsara ingantaccen kulawa, wanda ya ƙunshi aiwatar da matakan agrotechnical da yawa. Suna buƙatar ba su kulawa ta musamman daga lokacin da harbe na farko suka bayyana. A matsayinka na mai mulki, shuka yana samar da su kwanaki 7-10 bayan dasa shuki.
Ruwa
Zucchini Aeronaut shuka ne mai son danshi, don haka bushewar ƙasa yana da illa ga yawan amfanin ƙasa. A lokaci guda kuma, bai kamata a ƙyale tara yawan danshi a cikin ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba, tunda wannan zai haifar da mummunan tasirin halayen halayen su kuma yana rage rayuwar shiryayye.
A lokacin lokacin girma, dole ne a shayar da shuka sau uku – kafin lokacin fure, a cikin lokacin samar da ‘ya’yan itace na farko, a cikin aiwatar da ‘ya’yan itace. Kuna buƙatar amfani da ruwa mai dumi, wanda a lokacin ayyukan ban ruwa dole ne a zuba a ƙarƙashin tushen shuka. Yana girma a cikin bushes, don haka ba za a sami matsaloli ba. An fi yin shayarwa da yamma ko safiya.
Maganin ƙasa
A duk lokacin girma, ya zama dole don shuka yankin sau 3-4 don lalata ciyawa. Zai fi sauƙi a magance su bayan cikakken samuwar bushes.
Tudun farko yana da kyawawa don aiwatar da kwanaki 10-15 bayan dasa shuki don tabbatar da ci gaba mai aiki na tushen tsarin. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a sassauta ƙasa sau ɗaya kowace rana 1. Ana yin wannan hanya mafi kyau bayan ‘yan sa’o’i bayan shayarwa ko ruwan sama.
Lokacin da ake shukawa da noma, dole ne a yi aiki a hankali don kada ku cutar da tushen shuka, wanda yake kusan saman saman …
