Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik is called garden jasmine for the pronounced aroma of its flowers. The Latin name for this plant (Philadelphus) comes from the words “love” and “brother”, since the opposite shoots of the shrub are so close that they seem to be entwined together. The bark on young shoots of the garden mock-orange is thin, easily exfoliating, which makes it easier to prune the bushes.

Description of the mock orange at the time of flowering: the height of the bush, photos of leaves and flowers

Chubushnik plant or garden jasmine (Philadelphus) belongs to the Hortensia family, its homeland is Europe, East and Southeast Asia, North America. Occurs over a large area from the Caucasus to the regions of Southern Europe.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

In Russia, this shrub is often incorrectly called jasmine for the pronounced sweet aroma of flowers in some species of chubushnik. Real jasmines are subtropical evergreen climbing and creeping plants from the Olive family. Real jasmine and mock-orange are brought together by the similarity of the aroma of flowers, although among more than 50 species of mock-orange there are representatives with a very weak aroma or no flower odor at all (large-flowered, Shrenk, Gordon).

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Garden jasmine is an amazing ornamental shrub that, for some reason, in recent years, has rarely been found on garden plots (with the exception of those that are more than a quarter of a century old). But it can be used as a hedge that separates two adjacent areas, and just as a decoration for any corner of the garden.

In recent years, more attention has been paid to this culture, and as a result we have varieties not only with white, but even with creamy flowers, which have a very strong aroma, which in June-July attracts the attention of any plant passing by.

It is a sprawling, multi-stemmed, deciduous upright shrub. The height of the chubushnik is from 0,8 to 3,5 – 4 m, the bushes have a spherical crown.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

The leaves of the chubushnik are opposite, ovate-lanceolate or oval-pointed. The shoots are bare, used to make shanks (smoking pipes), hence its name. In the spring, the yellow leaves of the bush begin to turn green, and by the fall the bush loses them.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Chubushnik flowers are white or cream-colored, up to 5 cm in diameter, collected in racemose or paniculate inflorescences, strongly or weak-minded, often double. Blooms in summer, from late June to July; some species and varieties bloom up to 7 weeks.

As you can see in the photo, the fruit of the chubushnik shrub is a box with small seeds:

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

The chubushnik is appreciated for its beauty and delicate aroma of flowers.

The garden jasmine plant prefers open, sunny places and, although it tolerates partial shade, it stops blooming with strong shading. They are very demanding on soil moisture and fertility, therefore, during the cultivation process, they should be regularly fed with organic and mineral fertilizers. They do not tolerate close stagnation of groundwater. They respond well to pruning and are easily propagated by root suckers, layering, green and lignified cuttings, bush division and unstratified seeds that can be sown in autumn, snow and spring.

Chubushnik has sufficient winter hardiness, however, different species and varieties can behave in different ways in the climatic conditions of Central Russia. Now our market can get any planting material of these shrubs. Therefore, it is dangerous to acquire species and varieties of foreign origin indiscriminately in a row: some of them can withstand frosts down to -25 ° C, while others can withstand only -15 ° C. In especially harsh winters, even winter-hardy species and varieties can freeze to the level of snow cover, but due to the presence of a powerful root system, the frostbitten bush grows quickly after cutting off damaged shoots. It is more difficult to recover less winter-hardy varieties and species, in which the root system can also freeze up.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

The duration of flowering of a mock-orange depends on its variety. Sometimes it blooms for two months! The flowers of the chubushnik are quite large: in modern varieties, they can reach 6 cm in diameter. Of particular value is the flowering period of the chubushnik – June-July, when most of the garden crops have already bloomed.

But before and after flowering, it does not create any beauty on the site, for the bush is ugly, ankle, erect with branches sticking out absurdly in all directions. Therefore, it is not necessary to put it in the foreground.

Transplants endure at any time all summer, only the root system should not dry out. The plant requires attention: every year you need to cut out outdated, lignified branches, broken and frozen. As soon as you stop following it, it will very quickly take on the appearance of a homeless vagabond.

Mock breeding methods

There are 3 main ways of breeding chubushnik (garden jasmine). The first is by dividing the bush, but in this case you must have the bush itself. And if it is not? You can try to buy it or ask your neighbor. The difficulty lies in the fact that chubushnik saplings are not sold everywhere, and even the neighbors may not have it.

It’s easier to use layering, but again, you need to have a bush for this.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

The easiest way is propagation by green cuttings. Finding a green jasmine stalk in the summer is much easier than the seedling itself.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

You can propagate chubushnik and jasmine seeds, which are sown in a school for growing immediately after collecting the seeds (those bought before sowing are stratified in wet sand in the refrigerator for 3-4 months). They will grow in a year, but they will not bloom soon, in 4–5 years that way. Terry forms cannot be propagated in this way (non-double plants usually grow from them), they can be propagated exclusively by cuttings, well, and by dividing the bush, this is the most reliable.

Jasmine and chubushnik are cut in early summer. Divide the bush in August.

So, if you decide to plant this shrub on your site, then you should know that they cut it in the summer, in July, but the seedling can be planted both in spring and in autumn.

Planting and caring for a chubushnik (with video)

Having dug holes in advance with a diameter of 50 cm and the same depth, add 1 bucket of compost to them, put a seedling and, after filling it with the top layer of the removed soil, water it again.

After planting, when caring for garden jasmine, the shrubs are fed 3 times. The first time is in early spring, when the first leaves begin to bloom. The second time is before flowering. The third time is in the fall, in order for the plant to winter better.

For feeding, make a solution of 10 liters of water, 1 tablespoon of superphosphate and 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate. For each plant, 15 liters of solution are consumed.

Many gardeners use AVA granular fertilizer for planting and fertilizing at the rate of 10-15 g per 1 m2. When this fertilizer is applied, the plant develops quickly, copes better with diseases and pests, and tolerates harsh cold winters well.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

The shrub is recommended for planting in separate shrubs or groups on lawns, in compositions with other flowering plants, for creating hedges and borders.

When planting and caring for the chubushnik, it should be remembered that the garden jasmine hedge after 3-4 years is exposed from below and loses its decorative effect. To achieve the growth of new shoots, it is rejuvenated by cutting off the trunks of plants at a height of 10-20 cm from the soil surface. Shrubs of many other breeds do not tolerate rejuvenation.

It is preferable to plant the bushes one at a time, so that after flowering they do not callou the eyes. You can grow a mock orange mixed with other shrubs as a green fence both along the borders of the site and inside to separate different zones (recreation, playground, barbecue).

Types of chubushnik and photos of varieties of garden jasmine

About 50 species of mock-orange are known. In central Russia, there is h. crown (Ph. coronarius), h. ordinary (Ph. racemosa), h. Schrenk (Ph. schrenkii), h. Caucasian (Ph. caucasicus), including thin-leaved (Ph. angustifolius). Among the late flowering mock-mushrooms, it is especially interesting including broadleaf (Ph. latifolius).

Below you can find a photo and description of a mock-orange of different types and varieties.

Now there are many garden forms of this plant, very beautiful. There are varieties not only with white, but also yellow or pink flowers, there are double forms. Most often, white jasmines grow on the plots. Their porcelain-like flowers are beautifully shaped.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

The most winter-hardy species is chaebus coronary, which is sometimes called ordinary. It has many forms, differing in the type of crown, the doubleness of the flowers and their color from pure white, cream to golden yellow. All of them grow beautifully in culture up to the Urals and Siberia and bloom profusely with creamy white flowers with a strong aroma.

Here are photos of the types of garden jasmine, the most popular among gardeners:

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

From the crossing of a pale mock-orange, very similar to a crown mock-orange, and a small-leaved North American mock-orange, was obtained Lemoine’s mock with large, up to 3 cm in diameter, white flowers, exuding a very strong aroma. However, in severe winters, most varietal Lemoine mockers freeze out to snow cover in St. Petersburg and Moscow, although they quickly recover.

On garden plots, chubushniki can be arranged very effectively and beautifully. Vigorous, spreading bushes look very good in large gardens, for example, against the background of a brick wall of a house or planted on a lawn. Lemoine’s graceful chubushniki look great in combination with flowering perennials.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Low-growing varieties of garden jasmine – “Gnome”, “Junnat”, “Dwarf”, “Charm” – are appropriate in the rock garden, as well as near the reservoir, on the corners of the parterre lawn and in modular gardens.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and careChubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Dense low hedges (curbs) are formed from varieties “White Bouquet”, “Moonlight”, “Komsomolets”, “Academician Komarov”… These hedges require little or no trimming. Beautifully blooming unformed hedges are obtained from plants of one type of chubushnik: crown, Shrenk, Caucasian, large-flowered.

Chubushnik (garden jasmine): types, planting and care

Many gardeners prefer strawberry-scented chubushniki: small-leaved, variety “Airborne assault”… Those who create gardens of fragrances pay special attention to mock-mushrooms with a strong smell, for example, Lemoine’s mock-mushroom. And for those who are allergic to flower odors, it is recommended to use odorless or very weak mock-mushrooms: large-flowered mock-orange, varieties “Akademik Komarov” and “Arktika”.

How to prune garden jasmine

Pruning is an effective technique for regulating the strength of the growth of a chubushnik. The general principles for setting the timing of its pruning are the same as for other shrub species.

Due to intensive growth, the bushes quickly thicken, and after a few years it is necessary to carry out annual thinning.

The flower buds of the mock orange are laid on the growths of the last year, therefore, the removal of faded inflorescences and the cutting of damaged and old branches should be carried out after the end of flowering.

At the same time, pruning of frozen shoots and rapidly aging tops is carried out.

The so-called sanitary pruning can be carried out throughout the growing season. It is recommended to cut old shoots every 2 to 3 years.

The crown rejuvenated in this way promotes regular flowering in subsequent years.

Forming pruning is carried out only on young plants for the first 2 – 3 years after planting in a permanent place.

How to prune garden jasmine for thinning shrubs? In this case, remove all weak basal shoots to the base of the soil, leaving only the strongest and strongest 2 – 4 shoots, which will go to the renewal of the bush.

Too overgrown bushes in March are cut short, leaving only a part of young strong branches that will bloom in the same year.

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Anna Evans

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